College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2020 Sep;68:101562. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2020.101562. Epub 2020 Feb 19.
Several meta-analyses have shown that people with psychosis tend to gather less information (i.e., they make fewer draws to decision, or DTD) on the beads task than healthy controls. A single meta-analysis has also found a small negative association between delusion-proneness and DTD in healthy samples, but with considerable heterogeneity.
We used the new and more reliable "distractor sequences" beads task to clarify the nature of the relationship between delusion-proneness and DTD in a healthy sample. Healthy participants (N = 203) completed the distractor sequences beads task and the Peters Delusions Inventory (PDI), which measures delusion-proneness.
PDI and DTD were positively correlated, and those who jumped to conclusions (DTD ≤ 2) had lower PDI than those who did not. Comparing PDI quartiles on DTD provided some evidence the positive association did not extend to the highest PDI quartile. We found that DTD and delusion-proneness were positively related in our non-clinical sample, which was unexpected.
Results need replication with a clinical sample.
Considering the well-established association between the JTC bias and clinical delusions, the current finding may reflect a relationship that differs between non-clinical and clinically significant delusional groups, or one which reverses sign at some level of delusion-proneness.
几项荟萃分析表明，精神病患者在珠子任务上收集的信息较少（即，他们的决策次数较少，或 DTD），而健康对照组则较多。一项单一的荟萃分析还发现，健康样本中妄想倾向与 DTD 之间存在较小的负相关，但存在较大的异质性。
我们使用新的、更可靠的“干扰序列”珠子任务，在健康样本中阐明妄想倾向与 DTD 之间的关系本质。健康参与者（N=203）完成了干扰序列珠子任务和彼得斯妄想量表（PDI），用于测量妄想倾向。
PDI 和 DTD 呈正相关，那些急于下结论的人（DTD≤2）的 PDI 低于那些没有的人。在 DTD 上比较 PDI 四分位数提供了一些证据，表明这种正相关关系并没有延伸到最高 PDI 四分位数。我们发现 DTD 和妄想倾向在我们的非临床样本中呈正相关，这是出乎意料的。
结果需要在临床样本中进行复制。
考虑到 JTC 偏差与临床妄想之间的既定关联，目前的发现可能反映了非临床和具有临床意义的妄想群体之间的关系不同，或者在某种程度上反转了妄想倾向的迹象。
