School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Smart City Design Simulation & Visualization, Jiangsu, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 25;17(5):1475. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17051475.
In the transitional period of China's urbanization, commuting problems and demands are diversified and multi-level, so commuting research topics, viewpoints, and analysis paths should be organically combined to dynamically adapt to the complex commuting contradictions. Based on this, this paper introduces the resilience theory to improve the research paradigm of commuting behavior. Taking Nanjing, China as a case study, with the help of the survey data of commuting behavior of typical communities, this paper provides an empirical analysis of the characteristics and influencing factors of urban residents' commuting behavior from the perspective of resilience theory. The results show that: (1) in the face of commuting pressure, to a large extent, most commuters can still obtain commuting adaptability and a medium level or higher of commuting resilience; and (2) personal attributes, living and employment environment, and commuting environment all have significant heterogeneity effects on commuting pressure, commuting adaptability, and commuting resilience. From the perspective of resilience theory, the means of regulating commuting conflicts are flexible, which can not only directly reduce commuting pressure or optimize commuting adaptability, but also improve commuting resilience according to the specific commuting scenarios constructed by commuting pressure and adaptability. On the whole, the principles of comprehensive improvement, on-demand supply, and dynamic adjustment should be followed.
在中国城市化的转型期，通勤问题和需求呈现出多样化和多层次的特点，因此通勤研究的课题、观点和分析路径应该有机结合，以动态适应复杂的通勤矛盾。基于此，本文将弹性理论引入通勤行为研究范式，以中国南京为例，借助典型社区通勤行为调查数据，从弹性理论的角度对城市居民通勤行为的特征和影响因素进行实证分析。结果表明：（1）在通勤压力面前，大多数通勤者在很大程度上仍然能够获得通勤适应性和中等或更高水平的通勤弹性；（2）个人属性、居住和就业环境以及通勤环境对通勤压力、通勤适应性和通勤弹性都具有显著的异质性影响。从弹性理论的角度来看，调节通勤冲突的手段是灵活的，不仅可以直接降低通勤压力或优化通勤适应性，还可以根据通勤压力和适应性构建的具体通勤场景来提高通勤弹性。总的来说，应该遵循全面提升、按需供给和动态调整的原则。
