State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Processes, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), Shanghai 200237, China; Australia-China Centre for Air Quality Science and Management, Shanghai 200237, China.
Shanghai High School, Shanghai 200237, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2015 Aug 15;524-525:237-45. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.088. Epub 2015 Apr 20.
A study on a commuter's exposure to black carbon (BC) in five different traffic modes (taxi, bus, subway, cycling and walking) was conducted in Xuhui District, Shanghai. A commuter's real-time exposure concentrations were recorded by MicroAeth AE51 BC monitors, and the average BC exposure concentration and inhalation dose were analyzed. Data collected by cyclist was applied to characterize the micro-variability in relation to traffic density and street topology. The distance to the traffic and the street topology as well as the volume of heavy diesel trucks were the dominant factors influencing the BC concentrations. In this study, a high variability of BC concentrations between streets and even within streets was observed, and also between days and hour of the day. The average BC exposure concentrations were 5.59±1.02 μg/m(3), 6.58±1.78 μg/m(3), 7.28±1.87 μg/m(3), 8.62±4.13 μg/m(3) and 9.43±2.89 μg/m(3) for walking, cycling, bus, taxi and subway trips, respectively. Exposure levels of in-vehicle microenvironments were 8.66±3.66 μg/m(3), 9.39±6.98 μg/m(3) and 10.96±2.72 μg/m(3) for bus, taxi and subway, respectively. While inhalation doses were 0.68±0.33 μg, 0.95±0.29 μg, 1.36±0.37 μg, 1.50±0.39 μg and 1.58±0.29 μg for taxi, subway, cycling, bus and walking, respectively. BC exposure level of walking was the lowest among all the traffic modes, but its inhalation dose was the highest.
一项针对五种不同交通方式（出租车、公交车、地铁、自行车和步行）中通勤者暴露于黑碳（BC）的研究在上海徐汇区进行。通勤者的实时暴露浓度由 MicroAeth AE51 BC 监测器记录，并分析了平均 BC 暴露浓度和吸入剂量。收集到的自行车数据用于描述与交通密度和街道拓扑相关的微变异性。距离交通和街道拓扑以及重型柴油卡车的数量是影响 BC 浓度的主要因素。在这项研究中，观察到街道之间甚至街道内以及白天之间 BC 浓度的高度可变性。步行、骑车、公交、出租和地铁的平均 BC 暴露浓度分别为 5.59±1.02μg/m3、6.58±1.78μg/m3、7.28±1.87μg/m3、8.62±4.13μg/m3 和 9.43±2.89μg/m3。车内微环境的暴露水平分别为 8.66±3.66μg/m3、9.39±6.98μg/m3 和 10.96±2.72μg/m3，分别为公交车、出租车和地铁。而吸入剂量分别为 0.68±0.33μg、0.95±0.29μg、1.36±0.37μg、1.50±0.39μg 和 1.58±0.29μg，分别为出租车、地铁、自行车、公交车和步行。在所有交通方式中，步行的 BC 暴露水平最低，但吸入剂量最高。
