Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Department of Medical Biology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2020 Aug;99(8):983-993. doi: 10.1111/aogs.13834. Epub 2020 Mar 18.
Low-lying placentas, placenta previa and abnormally invasive placentas are the most frequently occurring placental abnormalities in location and anatomy. These conditions can have serious consequences for mother and fetus mainly due to excessive blood loss before, during or after delivery. The incidence of such abnormalities is increasing, but treatment options and preventive strategies are limited. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the etiology of placental abnormalities in location and anatomy. Placental formation already starts at implantation and therefore disorders during implantation may cause these abnormalities. Understanding of the normal placental structure and development is essential to comprehend the etiology of placental abnormalities in location and anatomy, to diagnose the affected women and to guide future research for treatment and preventive strategies. We reviewed the literature on the structure and development of the normal placenta and the placental development resulting in low-lying placentas, placenta previa and abnormally invasive placentas.
位置和解剖异常的低置胎盘、前置胎盘和异常侵入性胎盘是最常见的胎盘异常。这些情况主要由于分娩前、分娩中和分娩后失血过多，可能对母亲和胎儿造成严重后果。这些异常的发生率正在增加，但治疗选择和预防策略有限。因此，了解位置和解剖异常的胎盘病因至关重要。胎盘形成在着床时已经开始，因此着床期间的障碍可能导致这些异常。了解正常胎盘结构和发育对于理解位置和解剖异常的胎盘病因、诊断受影响的妇女以及指导未来的治疗和预防策略研究至关重要。我们回顾了关于正常胎盘结构和发育以及导致低置胎盘、前置胎盘和异常侵入性胎盘的胎盘发育的文献。
