Handtke Stefan, Thiele Thomas
Institut für Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin, Abteilung Transfusionsmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
J Thromb Haemost. 2020 Jun;18(6):1256-1267. doi: 10.1111/jth.14788. Epub 2020 Apr 9.
Platelets are most important in providing cellular hemostasis but also take part in inflammation and immune processes. Increased platelet size has been regarded as a feature describing a young and more reactive subpopulation until studies were published which questioned this concept. Moreover, changes of platelet size given by the mean platelet volume (MPV) were described for immune thrombocytopenia, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, venous thromboembolism, chronic lung disease, sepsis, cancer-associated thrombosis, autoimmune disorders, and others. This review summarizes the literature on what is known about platelets with different size and describes controversies of studies with large and small platelets putting a focus on their thrombogenicity, age, and on the association of MPV with the mentioned diseases.
血小板在实现细胞止血方面最为重要，但也参与炎症和免疫过程。在一些对此概念提出质疑的研究发表之前，血小板体积增大一直被视为描述年轻且反应性更强的亚群的一个特征。此外，还描述了免疫性血小板减少症、心血管疾病、动脉粥样硬化、静脉血栓栓塞、慢性肺病、脓毒症、癌症相关血栓形成、自身免疫性疾病等病症中平均血小板体积（MPV）所反映的血小板大小变化。这篇综述总结了关于不同大小血小板的已知文献，并描述了关于大血小板和小血小板研究中的争议，重点关注它们的血栓形成性、年龄以及MPV与上述疾病的关联。
