Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2020 Mar;29(3):362-375. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2019.7717. Epub 2020 Feb 28.
Advancements in next-generation sequencing have allowed for a more complete understanding of the vaginal microbiome and its role in health and disease. The role of race/ethnicity in the composition of the vaginal microbiome and what is deemed normal/healthy microbiome is conflicting. Thus, the purpose of this review is to synthesize research that investigated the vaginal microbiome in Black women in the United States by using advanced 16S analysis. Searches of Pubmed, Google Scholar, and relevant journals for publications between January 2008 and July 2018 were conducted. Eligibility criteria were that the study: (1) used a molecular technique for sequencing of the vaginal microbiome, (2) reported the microbiome by race/ethnicity that included Black women, and (3) was conducted in the United States. Our review selected 18 manuscripts that met the inclusion criteria for full review. Three themes emerged: the vaginal microbiome in healthy women versus women with bacterial vaginosis (BV); vaginal microbiome considerations in HIV; and vaginal microbiome considerations in preterm labor/birth. Overall, our review found that a majority of Black women (including HIV-positive women) have a dominant group. Specifically, was the most frequently reported species. Non- dominant groups were also reported to be found in healthy asymptomatic Black women. The vaginal microbiome's influence on preterm labor and/or birth among Black women was inconclusive and warrants further investigation. The role that the microbiome plays in health and disease among Black women warrants further research to better elucidate the definition of a healthy versus pathogenic microbiome. The wide variability in methods for BV diagnostics and defining preterm labor/birth are significant limitations that should be considered when conducting comparative studies.
下一代测序技术的进步使人们能够更全面地了解阴道微生物组及其在健康和疾病中的作用。种族/民族在阴道微生物组组成中的作用以及被认为是正常/健康的微生物组是什么存在争议。因此，本综述的目的是综合研究美国黑人女性阴道微生物组的研究，方法是使用先进的 16S 分析。在 2008 年 1 月至 2018 年 7 月期间，在 Pubmed、Google Scholar 和相关期刊上进行了检索。入选标准为：（1）使用分子技术对阴道微生物组进行测序；（2）按种族/民族报告微生物组，包括黑人女性；（3）在美国进行。我们的综述共选择了 18 篇符合全文审查标准的手稿。出现了三个主题：健康女性与细菌性阴道病（BV）女性的阴道微生物组；HIV 中的阴道微生物组考虑因素；以及早产/分娩中的阴道微生物组考虑因素。总体而言，我们的综述发现，大多数黑人女性（包括 HIV 阳性女性）有一个主要群体。具体来说，是最常报道的 物种。在健康无症状的黑人女性中，也报告了非主导群体。阴道微生物组对黑人女性早产和/或分娩的影响尚无定论，需要进一步研究。微生物组在黑人女性健康和疾病中的作用需要进一步研究，以更好地阐明健康与致病微生物组的定义。用于诊断 BV 和定义早产/分娩的方法的广泛变异性是进行比较研究时应考虑的重要限制。
