饲养制度和年龄对太行鸡产蛋性能及骨骼特性的影响。
Effect of housing system and age on products and bone properties of Taihang chickens.
机构信息
College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China.
出版信息
Poult Sci. 2020 Mar;99(3):1341-1348. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.10.052. Epub 2020 Jan 22.
The aim of this study was to compare egg quality, carcass, meat characteristics, and bone properties of Taihang chickens in 2 different housing systems at various ages. A total of 168 birds were selected and randomly allocated to 2 groups at 23 wks and raised in conventional cage (CC) or flattening on floor (FF) housing system, respectively. FF hens' egg weight, albumen height, and Haugh unit were higher (P < 0.05), and yolk weight was lower (P < 0.001) than those of the CC hens. Egg quantity of FF hens was higher than that of the CC hens (P < 0.01). The FF hens' weight (P < 0.05) and breast meat percent (P < 0.01) were higher than those of the CC hens. The highest live body and carcass weight were observed at 57 wk (both P < 0.01), whereas the highest semieviscerated percentage (P < 0.01) and meat weight of breast and thigh (P < 0.05) were shown at 49 wk. The highest eviscerated percentage and thigh meat were displayed at 41 and 32 wk, respectively (P < 0.01). For meat color, the lightness of both breast and thigh meat in the FF group was significantly reduced compared with those of the CC group (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05). FF hens' humerus weight and breaking strength (both P < 0.01) and tibia breaking strength (P < 0.05) were significantly higher than those of the CC hens. Femur breaking strength was significantly affected by hens' age (P < 0.01). Egg weight, albumen height, Haugh unit, yolk color (all P < 0.01), pH of thigh meat, semieviscerated, and eviscerated weight (all P < 0.05) were influenced by the interaction of housing system and age, whereas no change in moisture loss rate, meat color, shearing force, and bone quality was found (P > 0.05). In summary, in the 2 housing systems, hens' age and their interaction could affect slaughter performance, quality of egg, meat, and bone of Taihang chickens. In addition, the results of the present study support a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of Taihang chickens in accordance with the FF system.
本研究旨在比较太行鸡在两种不同饲养系统下不同年龄的蛋品质、屠体、肉质和骨骼特性。共选择 168 只鸡，在 23 周龄时随机分为 2 组，分别饲养在常规笼（CC）或平养（FF）系统中。FF 母鸡的蛋重、蛋白高度和哈夫单位较高（P < 0.05），蛋黄重较低（P < 0.001）。FF 母鸡的蛋产量高于 CC 母鸡（P < 0.01）。FF 母鸡的体重（P < 0.05）和胸肌比例（P < 0.01）高于 CC 母鸡。57 周龄时，活体重和屠体重最高（均 P < 0.01），49 周龄时，半净膛率最高（P < 0.01），胸肌和大腿肉重最高（P < 0.05）。41 周龄和 32 周龄时，净膛率和大腿肉最高（均 P < 0.01）。就肉质颜色而言，FF 组的胸肌和腿肌亮度均显著低于 CC 组（P < 0.01 和 P < 0.05）。FF 母鸡的肱骨重和断裂强度（均 P < 0.01）以及胫骨断裂强度（P < 0.05）均显著高于 CC 母鸡。股骨断裂强度受母鸡年龄的显著影响（P < 0.01）。蛋重、蛋白高度、哈夫单位、蛋黄颜色（均 P < 0.01）、腿肉 pH 值、半净膛和净膛重（均 P < 0.05）受饲养系统和年龄的交互作用影响，而失水率、肉质颜色、剪切力和骨骼质量无变化（P > 0.05）。综上所述，在两种饲养系统中，母鸡的年龄及其与饲养系统的交互作用会影响太行鸡的屠宰性能、蛋品质、肉质和骨骼。此外，本研究结果为太行鸡按照 FF 系统的开发利用提供了理论依据。
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