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表面介质阻挡放电等离子体：一种防治植物真菌病原体的有效措施。

Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge plasma: a suitable measure against fungal plant pathogens.

机构信息

Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Scienza e la Tecnologia dei Plasmi, via Amendola 122/D, 70126, Bari, Italy.

Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Plasma Physics v.v.i., Department of Pulse Plasma Systems, Za Slovankou 1782/3, 18200, Prague, Czech Republic.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2020 Feb 28;10(1):3673. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-60461-0.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-020-60461-0
PMID:32111863
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7048822/
Abstract

Fungal diseases seriously affect agricultural production and the food industry. Crop protection is usually achieved by synthetic fungicides, therefore more sustainable and innovative technologies are increasingly required. The atmospheric pressure low-temperature plasma is a novel suitable measure. We report on the effect of plasma treatment on phytopathogenic fungi causing quantitative and qualitative losses of products both in the field and postharvest. We focus our attention on the in vitro direct inhibitory effect of non-contact Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge on conidia germination of Botrytis cinerea, Monilinia fructicola, Aspergillus carbonarius and Alternaria alternata. A few minutes of treatment was required to completely inactivate the fungi on an artificial medium. Morphological analysis of spores by Scanning Electron Microscopy suggests that the main mechanism is plasma etching due to Reactive Oxygen Species or UV radiation. Spectroscopic analysis of plasma generated in humid air gives the hint that the rotational temperature of gas should not play a relevant role being very close to room temperature. In vivo experiments on artificially inoculated cherry fruits demonstrated that inactivation of fungal spores by the direct inhibitory effect of plasma extend their shelf life. Pre-treatment of fruits before inoculation improve the resistance to infections maybe by activating defense responses in plant tissues.

摘要

真菌病害严重影响农业生产和食品工业。作物保护通常通过合成杀菌剂来实现，因此越来越需要更可持续和创新的技术。大气压低温等离子体是一种新颖的合适措施。我们报告了等离子体处理对引起田间和采后产品定量和定性损失的植物病原菌真菌的影响。我们关注的是非接触式表面介质阻挡放电对灰葡萄孢菌、油桃炭疽菌、扩展青霉和交链孢菌分生孢子萌发的体外直接抑制作用。在人工培养基上，只需几分钟的处理即可完全使真菌失活。扫描电子显微镜对孢子的形态分析表明，主要机制是由于活性氧或紫外线辐射引起的等离子体蚀刻。对在潮湿空气中产生的等离子体的光谱分析表明，气体的转动温度不应起相关作用，因为它非常接近室温。在人工接种樱桃果实的体内实验中，证明了等离子体的直接抑制作用使真菌孢子失活，从而延长了果实的保质期。在接种前对果实进行预处理可以通过激活植物组织中的防御反应来提高对感染的抵抗力。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f10d/7048822/30304b26cf39/41598_2020_60461_Fig13_HTML.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f10d/7048822/24d21d7552c0/41598_2020_60461_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f10d/7048822/e7c1bae66af7/41598_2020_60461_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f10d/7048822/89a5199368e8/41598_2020_60461_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f10d/7048822/6a197ef55887/41598_2020_60461_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f10d/7048822/0e447442ca3e/41598_2020_60461_Fig8_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f10d/7048822/66c0502a0062/41598_2020_60461_Fig9_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f10d/7048822/7a645e307702/41598_2020_60461_Fig10_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f10d/7048822/711fabf94874/41598_2020_60461_Fig11_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f10d/7048822/237064646f7b/41598_2020_60461_Fig12_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f10d/7048822/30304b26cf39/41598_2020_60461_Fig13_HTML.jpg

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