School of Psychology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia.
School of Psychology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Clin Psychol Psychother. 2020 May;27(3):408-447. doi: 10.1002/cpp.2439. Epub 2020 Mar 21.
Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) have been hypothesized to be associated with interpersonal problems. Furthermore, a stronger contention is that EMSs impact negatively on, or cause, interpersonal problems. The aims of this meta-analysis were (a) to assess the strength of the association between EMSs and interpersonal problems, (b) clarify which EMSs are most strongly associated with interpersonal problems, (c) examine any possible moderators on the relationship between EMSs and interpersonal problems, and (d) examine whether any empirical evidence exists supporting a causal relationship between EMSs and interpersonal problems. A comprehensive systematic literature search and meta-analysis were conducted using the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews. A total of 49 empirical studies were reviewed investigating EMSs and interpersonal problems. EMSs were found to have a moderate positive association with interpersonal problems with different EMSs having small to moderate effect sizes. To date, there has been limited evidence supporting a causal effect of EMSs on interpersonal problems. Possible limitations and avenues for future research were discussed.
早期适应不良模式（EMSs）被假设与人际关系问题有关。此外，更强的论点是，EMSs 对人际关系问题产生负面影响或导致人际关系问题。本元分析的目的是：(a)评估 EMSs 与人际关系问题之间关联的强度，(b)明确与人际关系问题关联最强的 EMSs，(c)检验 EMSs 与人际关系问题之间关系的任何可能的调节因素，以及 (d)检验是否存在支持 EMSs 与人际关系问题之间因果关系的实证证据。采用 PRISMA 系统评价指南进行了全面的系统文献检索和元分析。共综述了 49 项关于 EMSs 和人际关系问题的实证研究。发现 EMSs 与人际关系问题呈中度正相关，不同的 EMSs 具有小到中度的效应大小。迄今为止，只有有限的证据支持 EMSs 对人际关系问题的因果影响。讨论了可能的局限性和未来研究的方向。
