Peng Yizhong, Huang Donghua, Liu Sheng, Li Jinye, Qing Xiangcheng, Shao Zengwu
Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2020 Feb 7;8:56. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00056. eCollection 2020.
Stem cell therapy, which promotes stem cells differentiation toward specialized cell types, increases the resident population and production of extracellular matrix, and can be used to achieve intervertebral disc (IVD) repair, has drawn great attention for the development of IVD-regenerating materials. Many materials that have been reported in IVD repair have the ability to promote stem cells differentiation. However, due to the limitations of mechanical properties, immunogenicity and uncontrollable deviations in the induction of stem cells differentiation, there are few materials that can currently be translated into clinical applications. In addition to the favorable mechanical properties and biocompatibility of IVD materials, maintaining stem cells activity in the local niche and increasing the ability of stem cells to differentiate into nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells are the basis for promoting the application of IVD-regenerating materials in clinical practice. The purpose of this review is to summarize IVD-regenerating materials that focus on stem cells strategies, analyze the properties of these materials that affect the differentiation of stem cells into IVD-like cells, and then present the limitations of currently used disc materials in the field of stem cell therapy and future research perspectives.
干细胞疗法可促进干细胞向特定细胞类型分化，增加细胞外基质的驻留数量和生成量，可用于实现椎间盘（IVD）修复，在IVD再生材料的研发方面备受关注。许多已报道用于IVD修复的材料具有促进干细胞分化的能力。然而，由于机械性能、免疫原性的限制以及干细胞分化诱导过程中不可控的偏差，目前能够转化为临床应用的材料很少。除了IVD材料良好的机械性能和生物相容性外，在局部微环境中维持干细胞活性并提高干细胞分化为髓核（NP）和纤维环（AF）细胞的能力是促进IVD再生材料临床应用的基础。本综述的目的是总结聚焦于干细胞策略的IVD再生材料，分析这些材料影响干细胞向IVD样细胞分化的特性，进而阐述目前使用的椎间盘材料在干细胞治疗领域的局限性以及未来的研究前景。
