Nassar Farah J, Chamandi Ghada, Tfaily Mohamad Ali, Zgheib Nathalie Khoueiry, Nasr Rihab
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2020 Feb 11;7:28. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00028. eCollection 2020.
Among women, breast cancer (BC) is not only the most common cancer worldwide but also the leading cause of cancer death. Only 5-10% of breast cancer cases are attributed to inherited mutations (BRCA1, BRCA2, and other breast cancer susceptibility genes). Breast cancer incidence has been rising particularly in young women who are not eligible for mammography, and it has been acting as a burden especially in developing countries that lack screening and awareness programs. For this reason, research has shifted to use minimally invasive liquid biopsies especially blood-based biomarkers with potential value for breast cancer risk prediction and early detection. This mini-review will tackle the different blood-based biomarkers focusing mainly on circulating miRNA, circulating proteins, cell-free nucleic acids, methylation patterns, and exosomes. It also introduces the potential opportunities for the clinical use of these blood-based biomarkers for breast cancer risk prediction.
在女性中，乳腺癌不仅是全球最常见的癌症，也是癌症死亡的主要原因。只有5-10%的乳腺癌病例归因于遗传突变（BRCA1、BRCA2和其他乳腺癌易感基因）。乳腺癌发病率尤其在不适合进行乳房X光检查的年轻女性中呈上升趋势，并且在缺乏筛查和 awareness 计划的发展中国家，它一直是一种负担。因此，研究已转向使用微创液体活检，特别是具有乳腺癌风险预测和早期检测潜在价值的基于血液的生物标志物。本综述将探讨不同的基于血液的生物标志物，主要关注循环miRNA、循环蛋白、游离核酸、甲基化模式和外泌体。它还介绍了这些基于血液的生物标志物在乳腺癌风险预测临床应用中的潜在机会。 注：原文中“awareness”可能有误，推测可能是“awareness-raising”（提高意识）之类的表述，但按要求未做修改。
