Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Facial Plast Surg Aesthet Med. 2020 Mar/Apr;22(2):80-85. doi: 10.1089/fpsam.2019.29019.huy.
Current efforts to quantify the attentional distraction of facial deformities have been limited to deformities that are best perceived when the face is in frontal view, and there remains a paucity of knowledge of societal perception of the face in lateral view. To date, no attempts have been made to characterize the fixation patterns of the face in lateral view. To characterize the fixation patterns and gaze patterns of the face in lateral view. This was a prospective randomized controlled trial at an academic tertiary medical center. Eighty participants (mean age 23.6 ± 1.7 years, 52.5% female) gazed freely at 11 images of faces in lateral view for 10 s each as an infrared eye-tracker recorded eye movements in real time. Recorded eye movements are superimposed on the images to visualize areas of interest (AOIs) that attract the most attention. Fixation duration targeted at each AOI is transformed into relative fixation of the entire face and neck. Hotelling's test of variance followed by post hoc -testing assessed for the significance of fixation differences between the mouth and cheeks. Participants spent an average of 6.0 (95% CI 5.8-6.2) s gazing at the face and neck areas of each image. Of this attention, 2.8 s or 49.8% (45.4-54.2%) was directed toward the eye, followed distantly by the nose (mean, 95% CI) (16.4%, 14.5-18.3%), cheek (12.0%, 11.4-14.5%), neck (4.6%, 3.8-5.4%), and mouth (4.0%, 3.4-4.6%). These differences were found to be significant by Hotelling's analysis and post hoc testing. A student's -test also indicated observers directed significantly more attention within the eye-nose-cheek triangle [4.6 s or 79.5% (75.6-83.5)] compared with the eye-nose-mouth triangle [4.1 s or 71.2% (66.9-75.5)] ( < 0.001). When perceiving novel faces in lateral view, casual observers preferentially directed attention toward the eye, nose, and cheek. These findings suggest that we draw from a slightly different collection of features to build a schema of the sagittal face, which may serve to complement the central triangle and build upon a three-dimensional model of the "normal" human face. NA.
当面对面部畸形时，人们会分散注意力，目前对这种注意力分散的量化研究仅限于那些最容易在正视时察觉到的畸形，而对于侧面视角下人们对畸形的社会认知，我们知之甚少。迄今为止，还没有人试图描述侧面视角下的面部注视模式。为了描述侧面视角下的面部注视和凝视模式。这是一项在学术性三级医疗中心进行的前瞻性随机对照试验。80 名参与者（平均年龄 23.6±1.7 岁，52.5%为女性）在 10 秒内自由凝视 11 张侧面人脸图像，同时红外眼动追踪仪实时记录眼动。将记录的眼动叠加在图像上，以可视化最吸引人注意力的感兴趣区域（AOI）。针对每个 AOI 的注视持续时间转化为整个面部和颈部的相对注视。Hotelling 方差检验随后进行事后检验，以评估口部和面颊之间注视差异的显著性。参与者平均注视每张图像的面部和颈部区域 6.0 秒（95%置信区间 5.8-6.2）。在这部分注意力中，2.8 秒或 49.8%（45.4-54.2%）被引导到眼睛，其次是鼻子（平均值，95%置信区间）（16.4%，14.5-18.3%）、脸颊（12.0%，11.4-14.5%）、颈部（4.6%，3.8-5.4%）和嘴部（4.0%，3.4-4.6%）。Hotelling 分析和事后检验发现这些差异具有统计学意义。学生 t 检验还表明，观察者在眼睛-鼻子-脸颊三角形内的注意力明显更多[4.6 秒或 79.5%（75.6-83.5%）]，而在眼睛-鼻子-嘴三角形内的注意力较少[4.1 秒或 71.2%（66.9-75.5%）]（<0.001）。当观察者以侧面视角感知新面孔时，他们会优先将注意力集中在眼睛、鼻子和脸颊上。这些发现表明，我们从一个略有不同的特征集合中构建出矢状面的图谱，这可能有助于补充中央三角形，并建立在“正常”人脸的三维模型基础上。无。
