Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, USA.
J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2020 Mar 3;20(1):62-76.
To examine sex differences in bone characteristics in competitive soccer players.
43 soccer players (male, n=23; female, n=20), and 43 matched controls (males, n=23; females, n=20), completed the study. Areal BMD (aBMD) of the total body, lumbar spine, and dual femur and tibiae volumetric BMD (vBMD), bone geometry, and bone strength variables (pQCT) were measured. Bone-specific physical activity and training history were assessed.
Male soccer players had significantly greater (p≤0.05) total body and hip aBMD, hip strength indices and 4% and 38% tibia variables than females. Regression analyses determined that BFLBM, not sex, was the strongest predictor of bone variables. Female soccer players exhibited significantly greater percent differences from controls for tibiae variables than males (p≤0.05). Soccer players had greater aBMD and hip strength indices than controls (p≤0.040). Soccer-specific asymmetries were found for 38% total area (2.1%) and pSSI (3.8%), favoring the non-dominant leg (both p≤0.017).
Bone characteristics adjusted for body size were greater in male versus female soccer players. However, body composition variables were more important predictors of bone characteristics than sex. There were no sex differences in the magnitude of limb asymmetries, suggesting skeletal responsiveness to mechanical loading was similar in males and females.
研究竞技足球运动员的骨骼特征的性别差异。
共有 43 名足球运动员（男性，n=23；女性，n=20）和 43 名匹配的对照者（男性，n=23；女性，n=20）完成了这项研究。测量了全身、腰椎和双侧股骨及胫骨的面积骨密度（aBMD）、体积骨密度（vBMD）、骨几何形状和骨强度变量（pQCT）。评估了骨骼特异性的身体活动和训练史。
男性足球运动员的全身和髋部 aBMD、髋部强度指数以及 4%和 38%胫骨变量显著高于女性（p≤0.05）。回归分析确定 BFLBM 而不是性别是骨骼变量的最强预测因子。女性足球运动员的胫骨变量比男性的对照组的百分比差异更大（p≤0.05）。足球运动员的 aBMD 和髋部强度指数高于对照组（p≤0.040）。发现了足球特有的 38%总面积（2.1%）和 pSSI（3.8%）的不对称性，偏向非优势腿（均 p≤0.017）。
调整了身体大小的骨骼特征在男性足球运动员中大于女性足球运动员。然而，身体成分变量比性别更能预测骨骼特征。在肢体不对称的幅度上没有性别差异，这表明骨骼对机械加载的反应在男性和女性中相似。
