Iwamoto Derek Kenji, Mui Vivian W
University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
Subst Abuse. 2020 Feb 24;14:1178221819888650. doi: 10.1177/1178221819888650. eCollection 2020.
Young adult college women are closing the gender gap with respect to heavy episodic drinking and alcohol-related problems. Accordingly, it is important to understand and examine the factors that help explain within-group differences in problematic drinking patterns among this vulnerable population. One promising theoretically-relevant factor that appears to explain problematic alcohol use among young adult women is conformity to multidimensional feminine norms. Feminine norms are the beliefs and/or expectations of what it means to be a woman. This review paper identifies the current trends and limitations of research examining the role of feminine norms on alcohol use among young adult women in college. The review of the literature suggests that relationship between feminine norms and alcohol problems is complex in that there are costs and benefits for endorsing and opposing different feminine norms. Women who endorse appearance and relational feminine norms such as striving to be thin, focusing on their appearance, and maintaining relationships are at heighten risk of engaging in heavy episodic drinking and alcohol problems. Women who endorse feminine norms including maintaining sexual relationships with one partner, endorse the belief that one should be modest, and sweet, and nice, and upholding domestic values are less likely to report alcohol problems. Clinical and future research recommendations are provided.
年轻成年女大学生在重度饮酒和与酒精相关的问题方面正在缩小性别差距。因此，了解和研究有助于解释这一弱势群体中问题饮酒模式的群体内部差异的因素非常重要。一个在理论上具有相关性且有前景的因素似乎可以解释年轻成年女性的问题饮酒行为，即对多维女性规范的遵从。女性规范是关于成为一名女性意味着什么的信念和/或期望。这篇综述文章指出了当前研究年轻成年女大学生中女性规范对饮酒行为影响的趋势和局限性。文献综述表明，女性规范与酒精问题之间的关系很复杂，因为认同和反对不同的女性规范都有成本和收益。认同外表和关系型女性规范（如努力保持苗条、注重外表和维持人际关系）的女性，有更高的风险参与重度饮酒和出现酒精问题。认同包括与单一伴侣保持性关系、认同应该端庄、甜美、和善以及秉持家庭价值观等女性规范的女性，报告酒精问题的可能性较小。本文还提供了临床和未来研究建议。
