Faculty of Education, International University of La Rioja (UNIR), Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain.
J Sports Sci Med. 2020 Feb 24;19(1):158-165. eCollection 2020 Mar.
Hardy personality plays a key role in sport due to the positive outcomes that has shown in sport performance. Consequently, it is salient to know which parental educational style is more related to positive characteristics of personality such as hardiness. Therefore, the objective of this research was to study the differences in perceived parental education styles in adult athletes with high and low levels of hardy personality. The sample consisted of 502 athletes from Spain (153 were women and 349 were men) between 18 and 64 years old ( = 27.76; = 9.11). A series of self-report questionnaires were fulfilled: an sociodemographic questionnaire, the ", the and the . Firstly, sample was grouped in two groups. Secondly, the results of independent sample t-test showed higher levels of father protectionism and mother restriction in the low challenge scores group. Also, men educated that perceived to be educated by authoritarian parents reported lower commitment. Results also showed higher levels of care education close to mother protectionism, father restriction and mother restriction in the low hardy personality group. It was concluded that there are other variables that influence more on hardy personality in athletes apart from parents. Although challenge, hardy personality and commitment in men reported an influence by parental educational styles.
坚毅人格在体育运动中起着关键作用，因为它对运动表现产生了积极的影响。因此，了解哪种父母教育方式更能培养坚毅等积极的人格特征是很重要的。因此，本研究的目的是研究高坚毅人格和低坚毅人格的成年运动员感知到的父母教育方式的差异。该样本由来自西班牙的 502 名运动员组成（153 名女性，349 名男性），年龄在 18 至 64 岁之间（均数=27.76，标准差=9.11）。完成了一系列自我报告问卷：一份社会人口学问卷、《父母教育方式问卷》、《大五人格问卷》和《坚毅人格量表》。首先，将样本分为两组。其次，独立样本 t 检验的结果显示，在低挑战分数组中，父亲的保护主义和母亲的限制程度较高。此外，那些认为自己受到专制父母教育的男性报告的承诺程度较低。研究结果还表明，在低坚毅人格组中，更接近母亲保护主义、父亲限制和母亲限制的关怀教育程度较高。结论是，除了父母之外，还有其他变量会影响运动员的坚毅人格。尽管男性的挑战、坚毅人格和承诺受到父母教育方式的影响。
