Ndishimye Pacifique, Zakham Fathiah, Musanabaganwa Clarisse, Migambi Patrick, Mihai Cenariu, Soritau Olga, El Mzibri Mohammed, Pop Carmen Monica, Mutesa Leon
Medical Research Centre, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hodeidah University, Yemen.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2019 Dec 31;65(8):18-22.
The aim of the present study was to examine characteristics of tuberculosis (TB) patients with different clinical forms and to study the frequency of Regulatory T cells (Treg cells) and Activated T cells in patients with new active and relapse TB. Forty-five pulmonary TB patients and a control group of 15 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study. Of the 45 TB patients, 15 were new cases with drug-susceptible active TB and 30 were relapsed cases (15 drug-susceptible and 15 multidrug resistant-TB). The age of study participants ranged from 21 to 68 years old. According to sex presentation, males were appreciably highly affected than females with a sex ratio of 2. The patients reported a mean recent weight loss of 8.9 kg. The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate was high in TB group, far exceeding the normal value. The results revealed that the number of CD3+ CD4+ T-cells significantly decreased whereas the level of blood Treg cells and expression of activation markers CD38 and HLA-DR on CD4+ T-cells significantly increased in TB group compared with the control group (p<0.05). The frequency of Treg cells was significantly higher in the TB group than the control group. Both the patients with new active TB and relapse TB demonstrated significantly higher levels of CD4+FoxP3+ Treg compared to healthy subjects (p<0.05). A high and significant percentage of Treg cells were found in patients with DS active TB than patients with MDR relapse TB. Interestingly, the frequency of CD4+FoxP3+ cells also differs according to the sputum smear microscopy status. The presence of high numbers of Treg cells and corresponding high immune activation may be an unfavourable factor that can predispose individuals to different clinical forms of TB, including relapse TB.
本研究的目的是检查不同临床类型的结核病（TB）患者的特征，并研究新活动性和复发性结核病患者中调节性T细胞（Treg细胞）和活化T细胞的频率。本研究纳入了45例肺结核患者和15名健康个体组成的对照组。在45例结核病患者中，15例为新诊断的药物敏感活动性结核病患者，30例为复发病例（15例药物敏感和15例耐多药结核病）。研究参与者的年龄在21至68岁之间。根据性别分布，男性受影响的程度明显高于女性，性别比为2。患者报告近期平均体重减轻8.9千克。结核病组的红细胞沉降率较高，远超过正常值。结果显示，与对照组相比，结核病组中CD3 + CD4 + T细胞数量显著减少，而血液中Treg细胞水平以及CD4 + T细胞上活化标志物CD38和HLA-DR的表达显著增加（p<0.05）。结核病组中Treg细胞的频率显著高于对照组。新活动性结核病和复发性结核病患者的CD4 + FoxP3 + Treg水平均显著高于健康受试者（p<0.05）。与耐多药复发性结核病患者相比，药物敏感活动性结核病患者中Treg细胞的比例更高且差异显著。有趣的是，CD4 + FoxP3 +细胞的频率也因痰涂片显微镜检查结果而异。大量Treg细胞的存在以及相应的高免疫激活可能是一个不利因素，可使个体易患不同临床类型的结核病，包括复发性结核病。
