Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Eur J Public Health. 2020 Aug 1;30(4):688-692. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa042.
Self-harm is prevalent among adolescents and associated with mental health problems and negative life-events. Few studies have examined changes in its prevalence related to these factors. This study explored whether changes in prevalence of self-harm among adolescents had occurred, and to what extent changes in associated factors may have contributed.
Two cross-sectional school-based surveys among adolescents (grades 8-10) in Norway were conducted in 2002 (N = 5842) and in 2017/18 (N = 29 063). Past year prevalence of self-harm and identical variables on risk factors was analyzed in hierarchical logistic regression to examine whether and to what extent changes in self-harm correlates could explain periodical change in prevalence of self-harm.
An increase from 4.1% to 16.2% in self-harm prevalence was observed from 2002 to 2017/18. The increase was relatively larger among girls compared to boys and among 8th graders compared to 10th graders. Among the assessed risk factors for self-harm, depressive symptoms increased, while anti-social behavior, exposure to violent acts and drinking to intoxication decreased. The increase in depressive symptoms contributed to explain increase in self-harm. This contribution was outweighed by the decrease in other risk factors.
Self-harm prevalence increased 4-fold among Norwegian adolescents over a 15-year period. While exposure to several risk factors for self-harm changed substantially in this period, these risk factors could in sum not explain any of the increase in self-harm.
自残在青少年中很普遍，与心理健康问题和负面生活事件有关。很少有研究检查与这些因素相关的自残流行率的变化。本研究探讨了青少年自残流行率的变化是否已经发生，以及相关因素的变化在多大程度上可能有所贡献。
在挪威，对 2002 年（N=5842）和 2017/18 年（N=29063）的青少年（8-10 年级）进行了两次基于学校的横断面调查。在分层逻辑回归中分析了过去一年自残的流行率和相同的危险因素变量，以检验自残相关因素的变化是否以及在多大程度上可以解释自残流行率的周期性变化。
从 2002 年到 2017/18 年，自残流行率从 4.1%上升到 16.2%。与男孩相比，女孩和 8 年级学生的自残率上升幅度相对较大。在自残的评估风险因素中，抑郁症状增加，而反社会行为、接触暴力行为和醉酒减少。抑郁症状的增加有助于解释自残的增加。但这种贡献被其他风险因素的减少所抵消。
在过去的 15 年中，挪威青少年自残的流行率增加了 4 倍。虽然在此期间，几种自残风险因素发生了实质性变化，但这些风险因素总体上不能解释自残的任何增加。
