The Ohio State University.
Northwestern University.
Behav Ther. 2020 Mar;51(2):350-364. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2019.10.009. Epub 2019 Nov 27.
In recent years, irritability has received increasing attention among mental health professionals given its transdiagnostic associations with diverse forms of psychopathology. In contrast to other emotional states and traits, however, literature addressing associations between irritability and related temperament and personality constructs is limited. In addition, those who study irritability have diverse perspectives on its neurobiological substrates. In this comment, we situate irritability in the literatures on child temperament and adult personality, and describe a model in which irritability derives from low tonic dopamine (DA) levels and low phasic DA reactivity in subcortical neural structures implicated in appetitive responding. We note that different findings often emerge in neuroimaging studies when irritability is assessed in circumscribed diagnostic groups versus representative samples. We conclude with directions for future research, and propose that more authors use hierarchical Bayesian modeling, which captures functional dependencies between irritability and other dispositional traits (e.g., trait anxiety) that standard regression models are insensitive too. Treatment implications are also considered.
近年来，由于易激惹与多种形式的精神病理学之间存在跨诊断关联，心理健康专业人员越来越关注它。然而，与其他情绪状态和特征不同的是，关于易激惹与相关气质和人格结构之间关联的文献有限。此外，研究易激惹的人对其神经生物学基础有不同的看法。在这篇评论中，我们将易激惹置于儿童气质和成人个性的文献中，并描述了一个模型，即易激惹源于皮质下神经结构中与欲望反应有关的低紧张型多巴胺（DA）水平和低相位 DA 反应性。我们注意到，当易激惹在特定的诊断组与代表性样本中进行评估时，神经影像学研究往往会出现不同的结果。我们最后提出了未来研究的方向，并建议更多的作者使用层次贝叶斯模型，该模型可以捕捉易激惹与其他性格特征（如特质焦虑）之间的功能依赖性，而标准回归模型对此不敏感。还考虑了治疗意义。
