Appiah Francis, Seidu Abdul-Aziz, Ahinkorah Bright Opoku, Baatiema Linus, Ameyaw Edward Kwabena
College of Humanities and Legal Studies, Faculty of Social Science, Department of Population and Health, Ghana.
The Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research (ACPPHR), Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Australia.
SSM Popul Health. 2020 Feb 8;10:100554. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100554. eCollection 2020 Apr.
Thirty percent (30%) of all deliveries in 2014 were recorded among adolescents in Ghana, whom contraceptive use has been found to be low. Our study, therefore, aimed to retrospectively look at the trends and determinants of contraceptive use (modern and traditional) among female adolescents in Ghana.
We used data from the 2003, 2008 and 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys. The sample for this study comprised sexually active female adolescents aged 15-19 for each of the rounds thereby resulting in a sample of 426 in 2003, 389 in 2008 and 726 in 2014. We calculated the proportion of adolescents using contraceptives (either traditional or modern) for each of the three surveys. We computed the use of contraceptives among adolescents and the type of contraceptives used with respect to their socio-demographic characteristics. Multinomial Logistic Regression was used to assess the determinants of contraceptive use at 95% confidence interval and Odds Ratios (OR) and p-values were reported.
Contraceptive use declined from 22.1% in 2003 to 20.4% in 2014. Adolescents who were married had lower odds [OR = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.03-0.96] of using traditional methods of contraception compared to those who were not married. Those who read newspapers at least once a week were more likely to utilize modern contraceptives [OR=1.84, CI = 1.05-4.78] compared to adolescents who did not read newspapers at all. Similarly, those who watched television at least once a week were more likely to use modern contraceptives than those who did not watch television at all [OR = 2.25, CI = 1.06-4.78].
These findings imply that intensifying educational messages on contraceptive use among adolescents using various newspapers and television stations to convey the messages and emphasizing the importance of using modern contraceptive is worthwhile.
2014年，加纳所有分娩中有30%是青少年，而研究发现青少年的避孕药具使用率较低。因此，我们的研究旨在回顾性地研究加纳女性青少年避孕药具使用（现代和传统）的趋势及决定因素。
我们使用了2003年、2008年和2014年加纳人口与健康调查的数据。本研究的样本包括每一轮调查中15至19岁有性行为的女性青少年，因此2003年有426个样本，2008年有389个样本，2014年有726个样本。我们计算了这三次调查中使用避孕药具（传统或现代）的青少年比例。我们计算了青少年中避孕药具的使用情况以及根据其社会人口特征使用的避孕药具类型。采用多项逻辑回归分析在95%置信区间评估避孕药具使用的决定因素，并报告优势比（OR）和p值。
避孕药具使用率从2003年的22.1%降至2014年的20.4%。已婚青少年使用传统避孕方法的几率[OR = 0.09，95%CI = 0.03 - 0.96]低于未婚青少年。与从不看报纸的青少年相比，每周至少看一次报纸的青少年更有可能使用现代避孕药具[OR = 1.84，CI = 1.05 - 4.78]。同样，与从不看电视的青少年相比，每周至少看一次电视的青少年更有可能使用现代避孕药具[OR = 2.25，CI = 1.06 - 4.78]。
这些发现表明，利用各种报纸和电视台向青少年宣传避孕药具使用的教育信息，并强调使用现代避孕药具的重要性是值得的。
