Shaweno Tamrat, Kura Zerihun
1Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
2Biostatistics Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Contracept Reprod Med. 2020 May 6;5:5. doi: 10.1186/s40834-020-00108-7. eCollection 2020.
Recently, the focus of family planning programs has changed from female oriented to men oriented, or both partner oriented to have effective outcomes. Although, contraceptive use among sexually active women was exhaustively researched; there is still a huge gap on modern contraceptive use and its determinants among sexually active men in Ethiopia.
We assessed the determinants of contraceptive use among sexually active men in Ethiopia using national survey data.
The data source for this study was the 2016's Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey of men aged above 15-59 years. We analyzed data of 12, 688 sexually active men in the past 12 months prior to the survey using STATA version 14.1. Bivariate and multivariable multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted and statistical significance was set at value < 0.05.
From a total of 12, 688 sexually active men in Ethiopia, 9378 (73.9%) didn't use any modern contraception or use traditional methods, 2394 (18.9%) use partner methods for those who reported using a method through their partner (such as pill, IUD, injections, female sterilization and Norplant) and the rest 916 (7.2%) used male methods for those who reported using male only methods (such as condoms and male sterilization). In the adjusted multinomial logistic regression model, men's age categories 25-34 years (AOR:2.0; 95%CI = 1.5-2.5), 35-44 (AOR: 2.8; 95%CI = (2.0-3.8), and 45 years (AOR: 1.5; 95%CI = 1.0-2.6), being rural resident (AOR: 1.60; (95%CI = 1.3-2.2), married and living with partner (AOR: 0.03; (95%CI = 0.01-0.06), who attended secondary (AOR:1.2; (95%CI = 0.8-1.9) and higher (AOR: 1.4; (95%CI = 1.2-2.5) education, whose partner was working (AOR: 1.6; (95%CI = 1.3-2.2), having three and above children (AOR: 0.5; (95%CI = 0.3-0.8), reading newspaper/magazines at least once a week or less than once a week, listening to radio at least once a week, watching television at least once a week and watching television less than once a week were significantly associated with use of male method than traditional/no method as compared to their respective references.
Modern contraceptive use among sexually active men in Ethiopia is low and multiple factors determined it. Close monitoring and supporting of sexually active men with age above 25 years, rural background, higher educational level, whose partner was working, having three and more children and little exposure to media may increase men's use of modern contraceptives.
最近，计划生育项目的重点已从以女性为导向转变为以男性为导向，或转变为以夫妻双方为导向以取得有效成果。尽管对性活跃女性的避孕措施使用情况进行了详尽研究，但在埃塞俄比亚，性活跃男性在现代避孕措施的使用及其决定因素方面仍存在巨大差距。
我们利用全国调查数据评估埃塞俄比亚性活跃男性避孕措施使用的决定因素。
本研究的数据来源是2016年埃塞俄比亚15至59岁男性的人口与健康调查。我们使用STATA 14.1版本分析了调查前过去12个月内12688名性活跃男性的数据。进行了双变量和多变量多项逻辑回归分析，设定统计学显著性为P值<0.05。
在埃塞俄比亚总共12688名性活跃男性中，9378人（73.9%）未使用任何现代避孕措施或使用传统方法，2394人（18.9%）通过伴侣采用避孕措施（如口服避孕药、宫内节育器、注射、女性绝育和皮下埋植剂），其余916人（7.2%）采用男性专用避孕措施（如避孕套和男性绝育）。在调整后的多项逻辑回归模型中，年龄在25至34岁（比值比：2.0；95%置信区间=1.5 - 2.5）、35至44岁（比值比：2.8；95%置信区间=(2.0 - 3.8)）以及45岁及以上（比值比：1.5；95%置信区间=1.0 - 2.6）的男性，农村居民（比值比：1.60；(95%置信区间=1.3 - 2.2)），已婚并与伴侣同住（比值比：0.03；(95%置信区间=0.01 - 0.06)），接受过中等（比值比：1.2；(95%置信区间=0.8 - 1.9)）和高等（比值比：1.4；(95%置信区间=1.2 - 2.5)）教育，其伴侣有工作（比值比：1.6；(95%置信区间=1.3 - 2.2)），育有三个及以上子女（比值比：0.5；(95%置信区间=0.3 - 0.8)），每周至少阅读一次报纸/杂志或每周阅读次数少于一次，每周至少收听一次广播，每周至少观看一次电视以及每周观看电视次数少于一次的男性，与使用男性专用避孕措施而非传统/不使用避孕措施相比，与各自的参照组有显著关联。
埃塞俄比亚性活跃男性的现代避孕措施使用率较低，且由多种因素决定。对年龄在25岁以上、农村背景、教育程度较高、伴侣有工作、育有三个及以上子女且接触媒体较少的性活跃男性进行密切监测和支持，可能会提高男性对现代避孕措施的使用。
