Department of Industrial Engineering, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
East Mediterr Health J. 2020 Feb 24;26(2):143-151. doi: 10.26719/2020.26.2.143.
It is important to identify variables that influence life expectancy in order to develop strategies to improve health care systems and thereby increase life expectancy.
In this study, a decision tree was built using a chi-square automatic interaction detector technique in order to identify variables influencing life expectancy at birth.
Data were taken from the databases of the World Bank, World Health Organization and World Life Expectancy. Data from 166 countries for the year 2013 were extracted for 25 selected input variables related to mortality, health and the environment, child health, economy and demography in order to build the decision tree.
Of the 25 variables, nine had a significant influence on life expectancy: percentage of the population using improved sanitation facilities; death rates per 100 000 population for HIV/AIDS, liver disease, stroke and coronary heart disease; percentage of the urban population using improved drinking-water sources; total fertility rate (births per woman); public health expenditure (percent of government expenditure); and health expenditure per capita.
Improving these variables may result in significant increases in life expectancy and quality of life. At the country level, appropriate strategies can be developed to improve the quality and performance of health care systems.
确定影响预期寿命的变量对于制定改善医疗体系的策略以提高预期寿命非常重要。
本研究采用卡方自动交互检测技术构建决策树，以确定影响出生时预期寿命的变量。
数据取自世界银行、世界卫生组织和世界预期寿命数据库。为构建决策树，从与死亡率、健康和环境、儿童健康、经济和人口相关的 25 个选定输入变量中提取了 2013 年 166 个国家的数据。
在 25 个变量中，有 9 个对预期寿命有显著影响：使用改良环境卫生设施的人口百分比；每 10 万人中艾滋病毒/艾滋病、肝病、中风和冠心病的死亡率；使用改良饮用水源的城市人口百分比；总生育率（每名妇女生育的婴儿数）；公共卫生支出（占政府支出的百分比）；人均卫生支出。
改善这些变量可能会显著提高预期寿命和生活质量。在国家层面，可以制定适当的战略来提高医疗保健系统的质量和绩效。
