Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, Department of Brain and Cognition, KU Leuven, Belgium; Center for Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Belgium.
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, Department of Brain and Cognition, KU Leuven, Belgium.
Vision Res. 2020 Apr;169:12-24. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2020.02.002. Epub 2020 Mar 3.
Numerous examples of meaningful inter-individual differences in visual processing have been documented in low- and high-level vision. For mid-level vision or perceptual organization, vision scientists have only recently started to study the inter-individual differences structure. In this study, we focus on orientation and proximity as emergent features and combine a quantitative information processing approach with an individual differences approach. We first replicated the results reported in Hawkins, Houpt, Eidels, and Townsend (2016) in a set of 52 observers. That is, observers showed higher processing capacity for detecting a change in a stimulus configuration when the emergent features orientation or proximity were changed. Next, we asked whether individual differences processing capacities were similar across emergent features. The capacity to detect any type of change correlated moderately across individuals, whereas the capacity to detect changes in either emergent feature alone was not strongly correlated. This indicates that there is no general sensitivity to emergent features and that observers can be good at detecting orientation changes whilst being poor at detecting proximity changes (and vice versa). An additional exploratory multivariate analysis of the data revealed that response times and accuracies correlated strongly within each emergent feature. Moreover, specific factors related to change detection and inward displacements were observed, revealing consistent individual differences in our data. We discuss the results in the context of the literature on individual differences in vision where both specific, fragmented factors as well as broad, general factors have been reported.
在低水平和高水平视觉中已经记录了许多有意义的个体间差异的例子。对于中水平视觉或感知组织，视觉科学家最近才开始研究个体间差异结构。在这项研究中，我们专注于方向和邻近作为新兴特征，并将定量信息处理方法与个体差异方法相结合。我们首先在一组 52 名观察者中复制了 Hawkins、Houpt、Eidels 和 Townsend（2016）报告的结果。也就是说，当新兴特征的方向或邻近发生变化时，观察者在检测刺激配置变化方面表现出更高的处理能力。接下来，我们询问个体差异处理能力是否在不同的新兴特征之间相似。检测任何类型变化的能力在个体之间中等程度相关，而单独检测任何一种新兴特征的变化的能力相关性不强。这表明不存在对新兴特征的普遍敏感性，并且观察者可以擅长检测方向变化，而不擅长检测邻近变化（反之亦然）。对数据的额外探索性多元分析表明，每个新兴特征内的反应时间和准确性高度相关。此外，观察到与变化检测和向内位移相关的特定因素，揭示了我们数据中的一致个体差异。我们在视觉个体差异的文献背景下讨论结果，其中已经报道了特定的、碎片化的因素以及广泛的、一般的因素。
