奥地利的新生儿学：伦理以改善实践。
Neonatology in Austria: ethics to improve practice.
机构信息
Austrian Institute for Health Technology Assessment, Garnisongasse 7/20, Vienna, 1090, Austria.
Faculty of Philosophy and Education, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
出版信息
Med Health Care Philos. 2020 Sep;23(3):361-369. doi: 10.1007/s11019-020-09943-6.
In the world of Austrian neonatal intensive care units, the role of ethics is recognized only partially. The normatively tense cases that are at the backdrop of this essay concern the situations around the limit of viability (weeks 22 + 0 days to 25 + 6 days of gestation), which is the point in the development of an extremely preterm infant at which there are chances of extra-uterine survival. This essay first outlines the key explicit ethical challenges that are mainly concerned with notions of uncertainty and best interest. Then, it attempts to elucidate the less explicit ethical challenges related to the notion of nudging in the neonatal practice and argue that the role of ethics needs to be recognized more-with the focus on the role of virtue ethics-in order to improve the practice of neonatal medicine.
在奥地利新生儿重症监护病房的世界里，伦理学的作用只是部分被认识到。本文背景下的规范性紧张案例涉及到生存极限（妊娠 22 周零 0 天至 25 周加 6 天）周围的情况，这是一个极早产儿在子宫外生存的机会点。本文首先概述了主要涉及不确定性和最佳利益概念的关键明确伦理挑战。然后，它试图阐明与新生儿实践中的推动概念相关的不太明确的伦理挑战，并认为需要更多地认识到伦理学的作用——重点是美德伦理学的作用——以改善新生儿医学的实践。
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