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本文引用的文献

1
Nudging in Neonatology: Practical Wisdom and Accountability for Reasonableness.在新生儿学中的助推：合理性的实用智慧和问责制。
Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2019 Jan;35(1):5-9. doi: 10.1017/S0266462318003732. Epub 2019 Feb 12.
2
Ethical Problems in Decision Making in the Neonatal ICU.新生儿重症监护病房决策中的伦理问题
N Engl J Med. 2018 Nov 8;379(19):1851-1860. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1801063.
3
Professional ethics: the case of neonatology.职业道德：新生儿学案例
Med Health Care Philos. 2019 Jun;22(2):231-238. doi: 10.1007/s11019-018-9863-9.
4
Taking responsibility for health in an epistemically polluted environment.在一个认知受到污染的环境中对健康负责。
Theor Med Bioeth. 2018 Apr;39(2):123-141. doi: 10.1007/s11017-018-9444-1.
5
Ethical implications of the use of decision aids for antenatal counseling at the limits of gestational viability.使用决策辅助工具进行妊娠末期存活极限的产前咨询的伦理影响。
Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 Feb;23(1):25-29. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2017.10.002. Epub 2017 Oct 21.
6
Nudges in a post-truth world.后真相世界中的助推。
J Med Ethics. 2017 Aug;43(8):495-500. doi: 10.1136/medethics-2017-104153. Epub 2017 May 19.
7
Decision-making at the borderline of viability: Who should decide and on what basis?生存边缘的决策：谁应该做出决策以及基于什么依据？
J Paediatr Child Health. 2017 Feb;53(2):105-111. doi: 10.1111/jpc.13423.
8
Parental Decision-Making Preferences in Neonatal Intensive Care.新生儿重症监护中的家长决策偏好
J Pediatr. 2016 Dec;179:36-41.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.08.030. Epub 2016 Sep 21.
9
HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT, DELIBERATIVE PROCESS, AND ETHICALLY CONTESTED ISSUES.卫生技术评估、审议过程与存在伦理争议的问题。
Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2016 Jan;32(1-2):10-5. doi: 10.1017/S0266462316000155.
10
Action and Uncertainty in Neonatal Intensive Care.新生儿重症监护中的行为与不确定性
Am J Bioeth. 2016 May;16(5):31-3. doi: 10.1080/15265161.2016.1159755.

奥地利的新生儿学：伦理以改善实践。

Neonatology in Austria: ethics to improve practice.

机构信息

Austrian Institute for Health Technology Assessment, Garnisongasse 7/20, Vienna, 1090, Austria.

Faculty of Philosophy and Education, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

出版信息

Med Health Care Philos. 2020 Sep;23(3):361-369. doi: 10.1007/s11019-020-09943-6.

DOI:10.1007/s11019-020-09943-6
PMID:32144643
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7426316/
Abstract

In the world of Austrian neonatal intensive care units, the role of ethics is recognized only partially. The normatively tense cases that are at the backdrop of this essay concern the situations around the limit of viability (weeks 22 + 0 days to 25 + 6 days of gestation), which is the point in the development of an extremely preterm infant at which there are chances of extra-uterine survival. This essay first outlines the key explicit ethical challenges that are mainly concerned with notions of uncertainty and best interest. Then, it attempts to elucidate the less explicit ethical challenges related to the notion of nudging in the neonatal practice and argue that the role of ethics needs to be recognized more-with the focus on the role of virtue ethics-in order to improve the practice of neonatal medicine.

摘要

在奥地利新生儿重症监护病房的世界里，伦理学的作用只是部分被认识到。本文背景下的规范性紧张案例涉及到生存极限（妊娠 22 周零 0 天至 25 周加 6 天）周围的情况，这是一个极早产儿在子宫外生存的机会点。本文首先概述了主要涉及不确定性和最佳利益概念的关键明确伦理挑战。然后，它试图阐明与新生儿实践中的推动概念相关的不太明确的伦理挑战，并认为需要更多地认识到伦理学的作用——重点是美德伦理学的作用——以改善新生儿医学的实践。