Steen S N, Oppliger R A, Brownell K D
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104.
JAMA. 1988 Jul 1;260(1):47-50.
This study examined resting metabolic rate in adolescent wrestlers to test the hypothesis that repeated cycles of weight loss and regain would be associated with reduced energy requirements. Energy restriction lowers resting metabolic rate in normal-weight and obese persons. Repeated cycles of weight loss and regain can increase food efficiency, defined as the degree of weight change per unit of food intake, in animals. Many wrestlers lose weight repeatedly as they "cut weight" for matches. This cycle of weight loss and regain may affect their resting metabolism. Twenty-seven wrestlers were classified as cyclers or non-cyclers based on their weight loss history. Resting metabolic rate was measured using indirect calorimetry and body composition was evaluated using six skinfolds. Cyclers and noncyclers did not differ in age, weight, height, surface area, lean body mass, or percent body fat. Cyclers had a significantly lower mean resting metabolic rate than noncyclers (154.6 vs 177.2 kJ/m2/h) (4.6 vs 5.5 kJ per kilogram of lean body mass per hour). There was a 14% difference between the cyclers and the noncyclers in resting energy expenditure (6631.8 vs 7702.8 kJ/d). Weight cycling in wrestlers appears to be associated with a lowered resting metabolic rate.
本研究检测了青少年摔跤运动员的静息代谢率，以验证反复减重和体重恢复周期会导致能量需求降低这一假设。能量限制会降低正常体重和肥胖人群的静息代谢率。在动物实验中，反复的减重和体重恢复周期会提高食物效率，即单位食物摄入量所导致的体重变化程度。许多摔跤运动员在比赛前“减体重”时会反复减重。这种减重和体重恢复周期可能会影响他们的静息代谢。根据体重减轻历史，27名摔跤运动员被分为体重循环者或非体重循环者。使用间接测热法测量静息代谢率，并使用六个皮褶厚度评估身体成分。体重循环者和非体重循环者在年龄、体重、身高、体表面积、瘦体重或体脂百分比方面没有差异。体重循环者的平均静息代谢率显著低于非体重循环者（154.6对177.2千焦/平方米/小时）（每千克瘦体重每小时4.6对5.5千焦）。体重循环者和非体重循环者在静息能量消耗上存在14%的差异（6631.8对7702.8千焦/天）。摔跤运动员的体重循环似乎与静息代谢率降低有关。
