Jastreboff P J, Brennan J F, Coleman J K, Sasaki C T
Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
Behav Neurosci. 1988 Dec;102(6):811-22. doi: 10.1037//0735-7044.102.6.811.
In order to measure tinnitus induced by sodium salicylate injections, 84 pigmented rats, distributed among 14 groups in five experiments, were used in a conditioned suppression paradigm. In Experiment 1, all groups were trained with a conditioned stimulus (CS) consisting of the offset of a continuous background noise. One group began salicylate injections before Pavlovian training, a second group started injections after training, and a control group received daily saline injections. Resistance to extinction was profound when injections started before training, but minimal when initiated after training, which suggests that salicylate-induced effects acquired differential conditioned value. In Experiment 2 we mimicked the salicylate treatments by substituting a 7 kHz tone in place of respective injections, resulting in effects equivalent to salicylate-induced behavior. In a third experiment we included a 3 kHz CS, and again replicated the salicylate findings. In Experiment 4 we decreased the motivational level, and the sequential relation between salicylate-induced effects and suppression training was retained. Finally, no salicylate effects emerged when the visual modality was used. These findings support the demonstration of phantom auditory sensations in animals.
为了测量水杨酸钠注射诱发的耳鸣，在五个实验中的14个组中分布的84只有色大鼠被用于条件性抑制范式。在实验1中，所有组都用由连续背景噪声的抵消组成的条件刺激（CS）进行训练。一组在巴甫洛夫训练前开始注射水杨酸钠，第二组在训练后开始注射，对照组每天接受生理盐水注射。在训练前开始注射时，消退抵抗很强，但在训练后开始注射时，消退抵抗最小，这表明水杨酸钠诱导的效应获得了不同的条件价值。在实验2中，我们通过用7kHz音调代替相应的注射来模拟水杨酸钠治疗，产生了与水杨酸钠诱导行为等效的效果。在第三个实验中，我们加入了一个3kHz的CS，并再次重复了水杨酸钠的研究结果。在实验4中，我们降低了动机水平，水杨酸钠诱导的效应与抑制训练之间的顺序关系得以保留。最后，当使用视觉模态时，没有出现水杨酸钠效应。这些发现支持了动物体内幻听感觉的证明。
