Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
Departamento de Engenharia de Alimentos, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2020 Feb 29;14(2):177-183. doi: 10.3855/jidc.12076.
Endometritis is a condition marked by inflammation of the endometrium that affects dairy cows from 21 days after parturition, causing damage to herd fertility and economic losses on farms. The use of active compounds obtained from plant sources has gained importance as disease treatment agents in farm animals due to the high resistance rates currently observed against traditional antibiotics commonly used. The study was carried out to examine the chemical composition and to investigate the antibacterial activity of rosemary, cinnamon, cloves, eucalyptus, lemon, oregano and thyme essential oils against the reference strain of Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Fusobacterium necrophorum (ATCC 25286), Trueperella pyogenes (ATCC 19411) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213), considered as typical bacteria causing endometritis.
The chemical composition of the seven essential oils were analyzed by GC-MS and their antibacterial activity was evaluated by the disc diffusion method.
Thirty-six components were identified in total using GC-MS analyzes. The main compounds were cinnamaldehyde (86.5% for cinnamon essential oil), eugenol (85.7% for clove essential oil), 1,8-cineol (80% for eucalyptus and 47.8% rosemary essential oils), limonene (65.5% for lemon essential oil), carvacrol (72.1% for oregano essential oil) and thymol (48.8% for thyme essential oil). The disc diffusion assay revealed that cinnamon, clove, oregano, and thyme essential oils showed the best results compared to the other three essential oils, showing the largest zone of inhibition against all bacteria evaluated.
These findings indicated that essential oils are a potential agent to be used as an alternative for bovine endometritis treatment.
子宫内膜炎是一种发生在奶牛产后 21 天以后的疾病，其特征是子宫内膜炎症，会损害牛群的繁殖能力，并给农场带来经济损失。由于目前对常用传统抗生素的耐药率较高，从植物来源获得的活性化合物作为动物疾病治疗剂的应用越来越重要。本研究旨在检查迷迭香、肉桂、丁香、桉树、柠檬、牛至和百里香精油的化学成分，并研究其对大肠杆菌（ATCC 25922）、坏死梭杆菌（ATCC 25286）、化脓隐秘杆菌（ATCC 19411）和金黄色葡萄球菌（ATCC 29213）的抗菌活性，这些细菌被认为是引起子宫内膜炎的典型细菌。
采用 GC-MS 分析七种精油的化学成分，并采用圆盘扩散法评价其抗菌活性。
GC-MS 分析共鉴定出 36 种成分。主要化合物为肉桂醛（肉桂精油中 86.5%）、丁香酚（丁香精油中 85.7%）、1,8-桉叶素（桉树精油和迷迭香精油中 80%）、柠檬烯（柠檬精油中 65.5%）、香芹酚（牛至精油中 72.1%）和百里酚（百里香精油中 48.8%）。圆盘扩散试验表明，与其他三种精油相比，肉桂、丁香、牛至和百里香精油的抑菌效果最好，对所有评价的细菌均显示出最大的抑菌圈。
这些发现表明，精油可能是治疗牛子宫内膜炎的一种潜在替代药物。
