Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2020 Aug;23(4):274-284. doi: 10.1177/1093526620904801. Epub 2020 Mar 8.
Indications for placental submission are variable. Established guidelines are largely based on expert opinion, and there is a need for more evidence-based criteria. A 10-year database of term placentas was used to evaluate indications significantly associated with placental pathology. Lesions in 5 categories were separated into high- and low-grade subgroups. Two additional high-grade lesions were also evaluated. Indications associated with high-grade placental lesions were chronic monitoring abnormalities, severe preeclampsia, pregestational diabetes, maternal signs of infection, postdates pregnancy, artificial reproductive technology, drug abuse, umbilical cord entanglements, selected gross placental abnormalities, stillbirth, Apgar 5 minutes <6, small-for-gestational age infant, and macrosomia. Indications for which placental findings did not differ from the population as a whole were acute monitoring abnormalities, chronic hypertension, maternal obesity, vaginal bleeding, accessory lobe/multilobed placenta, meconium-stained fluid, single umbilical artery, and borderline large-for-gestational age infant. Other indications for submission were intermediate showing significant or borderline elevations in the prevalence of low- and high-grade lesions combined. We suggest on the basis of this study that guidelines for the submission of singleton term placentas could be modified to exclude cases with clinical indications that lack a significant association with placental lesions.
胎盘送检的指征是多变的。既定的指南主要基于专家意见,因此需要更多基于证据的标准。我们使用了一个为期 10 年的足月胎盘数据库来评估与胎盘病理显著相关的指征。将 5 类病变分为高低级亚组。还评估了另外 2 个高级病变。与高级胎盘病变相关的指征包括慢性监测异常、严重子痫前期、孕前糖尿病、母体感染迹象、过期妊娠、辅助生殖技术、药物滥用、脐带缠绕、特定大体胎盘异常、死胎、新生儿 Apgar 评分 5 分钟<6、小于胎龄儿和巨大儿。胎盘检查结果与总体人群无差异的指征包括急性监测异常、慢性高血压、母体肥胖、阴道出血、副叶/多叶胎盘、胎粪污染羊水、单脐动脉和边界性大于胎龄儿。其他送检指征为中级,显示低级别和高级病变的患病率有显著或临界升高。基于这项研究,我们建议对提交的单胎足月胎盘指南进行修改,以排除那些与胎盘病变无显著关联的临床指征的病例。