Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620, USA.
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620, USA.
J Environ Manage. 2020 May 1;261:110209. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110209. Epub 2020 Feb 1.
Incorporation of compost into soil can significantly alter soil physical properties, nutrient dynamics, and vegetation establishment. Strategic compost application to disturbed, degraded urban soil may provide benefits to soil properties. This review compared twenty-five peer-reviewed studies that evaluated changes in soil bulk density, infiltration rate, hydraulic conductivity, and water retention where compost was incorporated into urban soils. A wide range of compost rates and incorporation depths were evaluated in these studies across many soil types. Compost incorporation generally reduced bulk density, enhanced infiltration and hydraulic conductivity, and increased water content and plant available water, compared to unamended controls. In the four studies on runoff water quality, compost incorporation often resulted in higher initial nutrient content in runoff water, but also enhanced grass growth and reduced sediment loss. Few studies evaluated multiple compost application rates or incorporation depths, and the ways in which compost application rates were reported varied widely between studies making it difficult to directly compare them. Four studies investigated the long-term effects of compost incorporation, and there was no clear pattern of why some soils display enhanced physical properties over time and others do not. Compost was largely reported to have a positive effect on degraded urban soils. Little research has focused on the longevity of compost in urban soils after one application, and thus, this would be a valuable topic of further investigation.
将堆肥掺入土壤中可以显著改变土壤物理性质、养分动态和植被的建立。将堆肥战略性地应用于受干扰和退化的城市土壤可能会为土壤性质带来益处。本综述比较了 25 项评估将堆肥掺入城市土壤后土壤容重、入渗率、水力传导率和水分保持能力变化的同行评审研究。在这些研究中，针对许多土壤类型评估了广泛的堆肥率和掺入深度。与未经改良的对照相比，堆肥掺入通常会降低容重、增强入渗和水力传导率、增加水分含量和植物可用水。在四项关于径流水质的研究中，堆肥掺入通常会导致径流水中初始养分含量较高，但也会促进草的生长并减少泥沙流失。很少有研究评估多种堆肥施用量或掺入深度，而且报告堆肥施用量的方式在研究之间差异很大，使得难以直接进行比较。四项研究调查了堆肥掺入的长期影响，并没有明确的模式可以解释为什么有些土壤随着时间的推移会增强物理性质，而有些则不会。堆肥对退化的城市土壤大多有积极的影响。很少有研究关注堆肥在城市土壤中的耐久性，即在一次施用后的持久性，因此，这将是一个值得进一步研究的有价值的课题。
