Colavito Sierra A
Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, La Crosse, WI 54601, USA.
J Oncol. 2020 Feb 14;2020:5291952. doi: 10.1155/2020/5291952. eCollection 2020.
AXL is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that has been implicated in diverse tumor-promoting processes such as proliferation, migration, invasion, survival, and apoptosis. AXL therefore plays a role in cancer progression, and AXL has been implicated in a wide variety of malignancies from solid tumors to hematopoietic cancers where it is often associated with poor prognosis. In cancer, AXL has been shown to promote epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastasis formation, drug resistance, and a role for AXL in modulation of the tumor microenvironment and immune response has been identified. In light of these activities multiple AXL inhibitors have been developed, and several of these have entered clinical trials in the U.S. In breast cancer, high levels of AXL expression have been observed. The role of AXL in cancer with a focus on therapeutic implications for breast cancer is discussed.
AXL是一种受体酪氨酸激酶（RTK），它与多种肿瘤促进过程有关，如增殖、迁移、侵袭、存活和凋亡。因此，AXL在癌症进展中发挥作用，并且AXL与从实体瘤到造血系统癌症等多种恶性肿瘤有关，在这些肿瘤中它通常与不良预后相关。在癌症中，AXL已被证明可促进上皮-间质转化（EMT）、转移形成、耐药性，并且已确定AXL在调节肿瘤微环境和免疫反应中发挥作用。鉴于这些作用，已开发出多种AXL抑制剂，其中几种已在美国进入临床试验。在乳腺癌中，已观察到AXL的高表达。本文将讨论AXL在癌症中的作用，重点是对乳腺癌的治疗意义。
