Alemayehu Sielu, Afera Bhafta, Kidanu Kalayou, Belete Tilahun
Mekelle University, School of Nursing, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia.
Int J Pediatr. 2020 Feb 18;2020:9136256. doi: 10.1155/2020/9136256. eCollection 2020.
Burn injuries are a global public health problem, accounting for an estimated 265,000 deaths. Globally, over half of the disability-adjusted life years lost from fire-related burns which occurred between the ages of 0 and 14 years. The rate of child deaths from burns is currently over 7 times higher in low- and middle-income countries than in high-income countries. In Ethiopia, burn was the second leading cause of death among children from the unintentional injuries. So far, no research had been conducted in terms of assessing the outcome of burn injury in children in Ethiopia and particularly in Tigray region. The aim of this study was to assess the outcome of burn injury and associated factors among hospitalized children of under 18 years at Ayder Referral Hospital in Mekelle, Ethiopia.
A retrospective document review was used to assess the outcome of burn injury and associated factors in Ayder Referral Hospital. A total of 382 hospitalized children's chart from 2011 to 2015 were reviewed using a structured check list. To select the patients' chart, a simple random sampling technique was used and a sampling frame was prepared based on a registration book. Data was entered, cleaned, and analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Almost 70% of the burns were caused by scald, and 45.3% of the burns were confined to the upper extremities. Eighty-two percent of the patients were discharged without complication. Lack of fluid resuscitation within 24 hours (AOR = 2.767; 95% CI (1.276-5.999)) and a burn patient with malnutrition (AOR = 0.252; 95% CI (0.069-0.923)) were statically significant with the outcome of burn injury.
Majority of the pediatric burn patients were discharged without complication. The most causative agent of these accidents was scald; upper extremities also were the most affected area. The factors associated with the outcome of burn injury according to this study were lack of fluid resuscitation and malnourishment of burn patients.
烧伤是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，估计造成26.5万人死亡。在全球范围内，0至14岁因火灾相关烧伤而损失的伤残调整生命年超过一半。目前，低收入和中等收入国家儿童烧伤死亡率比高收入国家高出7倍多。在埃塞俄比亚，烧伤是儿童意外伤害死亡的第二大原因。到目前为止，尚未针对埃塞俄比亚儿童尤其是提格雷地区儿童烧伤损伤的结果进行研究。本研究的目的是评估埃塞俄比亚梅克内斯市艾德尔转诊医院18岁以下住院儿童烧伤损伤的结果及相关因素。
采用回顾性文献审查来评估艾德尔转诊医院烧伤损伤的结果及相关因素。使用结构化检查表对2011年至2015年期间382名住院儿童的病历进行审查。为选择患者病历，采用简单随机抽样技术，并根据登记册编制抽样框架。使用SPSS 20版输入、清理和分析数据。
近70%的烧伤由烫伤引起，45.3% 的烧伤局限于上肢。82%的患者无并发症出院。24小时内未进行液体复苏（调整后比值比[AOR]=2.767；95%置信区间[CI](1.276 - 5.999)）以及烧伤合并营养不良的患者（AOR = 0.252；95% CI(0.069 - 0.923)）与烧伤损伤结果具有统计学显著性。
大多数儿科烧伤患者无并发症出院。这些事故最主要的致伤因素是烫伤；上肢也是受影响最严重的部位。根据本研究，与烧伤损伤结果相关的因素是液体复苏不足和烧伤患者营养不良。
