Antibiotic resistance pattern of from burns patients: increase in prevalence of and genes.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Notwithstanding the increased prevalence of drug-resistant isolates, treatment options are progressively limiting. This study aims to provide a recent report on antibiotic susceptibility in burn wound isolates of , and the importance of OXA beta-lactamases in carbapenem resistance.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The susceptibility levels to different antimicrobial categories were determined among 84 isolates from burn wound infection between 2016 and 2018. Multiplex PCR was used to detect OXA beta-lactamases genes, including , , and . IS association with , and was detected by PCR mapping.

RESULTS

All the isolates were determined as multidrug-resistant (MDR) and 69% as extensively drug-resistant (XDR). Different carbapenems MIC ranges (MIC and MIC) were observed among the isolates harboring genes and isolates with the OXA-24-like enzyme showed higher carbapenems MIC ranges. The prevalence of , , and were 100%, 53.57%, 41.66% and 30.95%, respectively. IS insertion sequence was found to be upstream to and genes in 23 out of 45 (71.1%) -positive and 4 out of 23 (15.3) -positive isolates, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Resistance to carbapenems as the last resort for treatment of infections is growing. This study, for the first time in Iran, has observed the increased frequency of and genes and found an association between IS and gene, which signifies the possible risk of increased diversity in OXA beta-lactamases and growth in carbapenem resistance.