College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China.
Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden.
Bioengineered. 2020 Dec;11(1):356-374. doi: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1736238.
The study of metagenomics is an emerging field that identifies the total genetic materials in an organism along with the set of all genetic materials like deoxyribonucleic acid and ribose nucleic acid, which play a key role with the maintenance of cellular functions. The best part of this technology is that it gives more flexibility to environmental microbiologists to instantly pioneer the immense genetic variability of microbial communities. However, it is intensively complex to identify the suitable sequencing measures of any specific gene that can exclusively indicate the involvement of microbial metagenomes and be able to advance valuable results about these communities. This review provides an overview of the metagenomic advancement that has been advantageous for aggregation of more knowledge about specific genes, microbial communities and its metabolic pathways. More specific drawbacks of metagenomes technology mainly depend on sequence-based analysis. Therefore, this 'targeted based metagenomics' approach will give comprehensive knowledge about the ecological, evolutionary and functional sequence of significantly important genes that naturally exist in living beings either human, animal and microorganisms from distinctive ecosystems.
元基因组学的研究是一个新兴领域，它可以识别生物体中的总遗传物质，以及脱氧核糖核酸和核糖核酸等关键细胞功能维持物质的整套遗传物质。这项技术的最佳之处在于，它为环境微生物学家提供了更大的灵活性，可以即时开创微生物群落巨大的遗传可变性。然而，要确定任何特定基因的合适测序措施都非常复杂，这些措施可以专门表明微生物元基因组的参与，并能够对这些群落产生有价值的结果。这篇综述概述了元基因组学的进展，这对于积累更多关于特定基因、微生物群落及其代谢途径的知识是有利的。元基因组学技术的更具体缺点主要取决于基于序列的分析。因此，这种“基于目标的元基因组学”方法将提供关于在不同生态系统中存在的生物体（包括人类、动物和微生物）中的重要基因的生态、进化和功能序列的综合知识。
