Maier S E, Vandenhoff P, Crowne D P
Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
J Comp Psychol. 1988 Dec;102(4):378-87. doi: 10.1037/0735-7036.102.4.378.
Hooded rats were tested in six situations representing the variables of activity, exploration, emotionality, and spatial preference, detection of change, and learning. The activity, exploration, and emotionality variables and spatial variables were analyzed in separate multivariate analyses, followed by an analysis of the entire set. The first of these resulted in four components: activity, exploration and emotionality, reactivity to handling, and autonomic reactivity (defecation). Four components, defined by the following variables, emerged from the spatial analysis: (a) the tendency to circle, circling direction, and spatial learning; (b) heading error in spatial learning and reversal and open-field directional preference; (c) spatial reversal and direction of turn to escape restraint; and (d) detection of change in spatial arrangement and directional preference in the detection task. The final analysis investigated relations between the activity, exploration, and emotionality variables and the spatial variables, finding only two. The clear dimensionality of these behavioral repertoires emphasizes how important it is to recognize the distinctions among them.
对有头罩的大鼠在六种情境下进行了测试，这些情境代表了活动、探索、情绪和空间偏好、变化检测以及学习等变量。活动、探索和情绪变量以及空间变量在单独的多变量分析中进行了分析，随后对整个数据集进行了分析。其中第一次分析产生了四个成分：活动、探索和情绪、对处理的反应性以及自主反应性（排便）。空间分析产生了由以下变量定义的四个成分：(a) 转圈倾向、转圈方向和空间学习；(b) 空间学习和反转中的航向误差以及旷场方向偏好；(c) 空间反转和为逃避束缚而转向的方向；以及 (d) 在检测任务中对空间排列变化和方向偏好的检测。最终分析研究了活动、探索和情绪变量与空间变量之间的关系，仅发现了两个关系。这些行为模式的清晰维度强调了认识它们之间区别的重要性。
