Roth K A, Katz R J
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 1979 Winter;3(4):247-63. doi: 10.1016/0149-7634(79)90012-5.
The effects of stress upon emotionality, and of emotionality upon the open field activity of rats have now been studied for over four decades. Controversy remains however regarding the degree to which stress alters behavior, and the direction of that change. One reason for this is the absence of an adequate behavioral definition of stress. The present series of experiments demonstrates a standard relatively nontraumatic stress induction procedure which may be used in conjunction with open field testing. Pre-exposure to moderately intense light and white noise facilitated open field activity as measured by initial activity, lowered defecation scores, and supplementary measures (rearing, grooming, center field penetration). Further parametric, psychoendocrine, and pharmacological studies characterized the nature of the facilitation, its time course, and its modification by other manipulations. Our results suggest the initial behavioral response to stress in an open field is activation. Previous studies may have differed in their results relating stress and behavior because of subtle procedural distinctions, some of which may be identified using the present technique.
四十多年来，人们一直在研究应激对大鼠情绪的影响以及情绪对大鼠旷场活动的影响。然而，关于应激改变行为的程度以及这种变化的方向，仍存在争议。造成这种情况的一个原因是缺乏对应激的充分行为学定义。本系列实验展示了一种标准的相对非创伤性应激诱导程序，该程序可与旷场测试结合使用。预先暴露于中等强度的光线和白噪声，通过初始活动、降低排便分数以及补充测量（直立、梳理毛发、进入中央区域）来衡量，促进了旷场活动。进一步的参数研究、心理内分泌研究和药理学研究对这种促进作用的性质、时间进程以及其他操作对其的改变进行了表征。我们的结果表明，在旷场中对应激的初始行为反应是激活。先前关于应激与行为关系的研究结果可能因细微的程序差异而有所不同，其中一些差异可以使用本技术来识别。
