University of Niš, Faculty of Medicine Niš, Niš, Serbia.
Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center Niš, Niš, Serbia.
BMC Endocr Disord. 2020 Mar 9;20(1):34. doi: 10.1186/s12902-020-0504-y.
The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) increased worldwide. The objective of the paper was to compare the incidence trend of T1DM in children and adolescents aged 0-19 and in adults under 30 years of age in Serbia from 2006 to 2017. Additional aim was to compare incidence rates of T1DM and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among adults aged 20-24 and 25-29 years of age.
Trends and annual percentage change (APC) of the incidence rate with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by Joinpoint Regression Analyses.
We found a significant increase of incidence in children aged 5-9 with the APC of 5.7% (95%CI: 2.3-9.1), and in children aged 10-14 with the APC of 2.1% (95%CI: 0.6-3.6). A significant decrease of incidence was determined in adolescents aged 15-19 with the APC -4.9% (95%CI: - 8.9 to - 0.7) and in adults aged 25-29 with the APC -7.3% (95%CI: - 12.5 to - 1.8).
The increase of incidence in children aged 0-14 and its decrease after 15 years of age showed that T1DM is predominantly a metabolic disease of children in Serbia. A significant increase in incidence was recorded in two age groups, namely 5-9 and 10-14 years of age. The highest increase was in children aged 5-9 and the highest incidence rate was in children aged 10-14. An insignificant increasing of T2DM incidence was observed in young adults aged 25-29. The increase in incidence rates in children, but not in young adults, suggests that the precipitating factors of children-onset disease may differ from those of adult-onset T1DM.
全球范围内 1 型糖尿病（T1DM）的发病率有所上升。本文旨在比较 2006 年至 2017 年期间塞尔维亚 0-19 岁儿童和青少年及 30 岁以下成年人 T1DM 的发病趋势。此外，还比较了 20-24 岁和 25-29 岁成年人 T1DM 和 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）的发病率。
采用 Joinpoint 回归分析计算发病率的趋势和年度百分比变化（APC）及其 95%置信区间（CI）。
我们发现，5-9 岁儿童发病率呈显著上升趋势，APC 为 5.7%（95%CI：2.3-9.1），10-14 岁儿童发病率呈 2.1%（95%CI：0.6-3.6）的上升趋势。15-19 岁青少年发病率呈显著下降趋势，APC 为-4.9%（95%CI：-8.9 至-0.7），25-29 岁成年人发病率呈 APC-7.3%（95%CI：-12.5 至-1.8）的下降趋势。
儿童时期发病率的上升及其 15 岁后下降表明，T1DM 是塞尔维亚儿童的主要代谢性疾病。在两个年龄组中记录到发病率的显著增加，即 5-9 岁和 10-14 岁。发病率增加幅度最大的是 5-9 岁儿童，发病率最高的是 10-14 岁儿童。25-29 岁年轻成年人 T2DM 的发病率也呈上升趋势，但幅度较小。儿童发病率的上升，而年轻成年人发病率没有上升，表明儿童发病的促发因素可能与成人发病的 T1DM 不同。
