Hannover Medical School, Midwifery Research and Education Unit, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover 30625, Germany.
Hannover Medical School, Midwifery Research and Education Unit, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover 30625, Germany; University of British Columbia, Division of Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, 5950 University Boulevard, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Midwifery. 2020 Jun;85:102680. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2020.102680. Epub 2020 Feb 20.
Behaviour change programmes (BCPs) for pregnant women are frequently implemented as part of health promotion initiatives. At present, little is known about the types of behaviour change programmes that are being implemented and whether these programmes are designed and delivered in accordance with the principles of high quality maternity care. In this scoping review, we provide an overview of existing interventions related to behaviour change in pregnancy with a particular emphasis on programmes that include empowerment components to promote autonomy and woman-led decision-making.
A systematic search strategy was applied to check for relevant papers in August 2017 and again in October 2018.
Thirty studies met the criteria for inclusion. These studies addressed weight management, smoking cessation, general health education, nutrition, physical activity, alcohol consumption and dental health. The main approach was knowledge gain through education. More than half of the studies (n = 17) included three or more aspects of empowerment as part of the intervention. The main aspect used to foster women`s empowerment was skills and competencies. In nine studies midwives were involved, but not as programme leaders.
Education for knowledge gain was found to be the prevailing approach in behaviour change programmes. Empowerment aspects were not a specific focus of the behaviour change programmes. This review draws attention to the need to design interventions that empower women, which may be beneficial through their live. As midwives provide maternal healthcare worldwide, they are well-suited to develop, manage, implement or assist in BCPs.
行为改变计划（BCPs）常作为健康促进计划的一部分，用于孕妇群体。目前，人们对实施的行为改变计划类型知之甚少，也不清楚这些计划是否符合高质量产妇护理的原则来设计和实施。在本次范围综述中，我们概述了现有的与妊娠行为改变相关的干预措施，特别强调了包含赋权内容以促进自主性和女性主导决策的方案。
我们于 2017 年 8 月和 2018 年 10 月应用系统搜索策略，以检查相关论文。
有 30 项研究符合纳入标准。这些研究涉及体重管理、戒烟、一般健康教育、营养、体育活动、饮酒和口腔健康。主要方法是通过教育获得知识。超过一半的研究（n=17）将赋权的三个或更多方面纳入干预措施中。促进女性赋权的主要方面是技能和能力。在 9 项研究中，助产士参与其中，但不是作为项目负责人。
知识获取教育被认为是行为改变计划中的主要方法。赋权方面不是行为改变计划的特定重点。本次综述提请注意需要设计赋权妇女的干预措施，这可能会通过提高她们的生活质量而受益。由于助产士在全球范围内提供产妇保健服务，因此他们非常适合开发、管理、实施或协助 BCPs。
