Gallion Luke A, Anttila Matthew M, Abraham David H, Proctor Angela, Allbritton Nancy L
Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Trends Analyt Chem. 2020 Jan;122. doi: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115723. Epub 2019 Nov 7.
Analytical assays performed within clinical laboratories influence roughly 70% of all medical decisions by facilitating disease detection, diagnosis, and management. Both in clinical and academic research laboratories, single-cell assays permit measurement of cell diversity and identification of rare cells, both of which are important in the understanding of disease pathogenesis. For clinically utility, the single-cell assays must be compatible with the clinical workflow steps of sample collection, sample transportation, pre-analysis processing, and single-cell assay; therefore, it is paramount to preserve cells in a state that resembles that rather than measuring signaling behaviors initiated in response to stressors such as sample collection and processing. To address these challenges, novel cell fixation (and more broadly, cell preservation) techniques incorporate programmable fixation times, reversible bond formation and cleavage, chemoselective reactions, and improved analyte recovery. These technologies will further the development of individualized, precision therapies for patients to yield improved clinical outcomes.
临床实验室进行的分析检测通过促进疾病检测、诊断和管理，对大约70%的医疗决策产生影响。在临床和学术研究实验室中，单细胞检测能够测量细胞多样性并识别稀有细胞，这两者对于理解疾病发病机制都很重要。为了具有临床实用性，单细胞检测必须与样本采集、样本运输、分析前处理和单细胞检测的临床工作流程步骤兼容；因此，至关重要的是将细胞保存在类似于其原始状态的状态，而不是测量因样本采集和处理等应激源引发的信号传导行为。为应对这些挑战，新型细胞固定（更广泛地说，细胞保存）技术采用了可编程的固定时间、可逆的键形成和裂解、化学选择性反应以及改进的分析物回收率。这些技术将推动为患者开发个性化的精准疗法，以产生更好的临床结果。
