Gogate Parikshit M, Chottopadhyay Tonmoy, Kaur Hardeep, Narayandas Sravanthi, Phadke Supriya, Kharat Meena, Dhangar Ashok, Inamdar Minaj, Badkere Akshay, Khanna Rohit C
Community Eye Care Foundation, Dr. Gogate's Eye Clinic, Pune, Maharashtra, India, India.
Department of Ophthalmology, D.Y. Patil Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India, India.
Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol. 2020 Jan 29;26(4):216-222. doi: 10.4103/meajo.MEAJO_111_19. eCollection 2019 Oct-Dec.
Childhood blindness and visual impairment accounts for enormous burden of blindness. This study aimed to analyze the causes of severe visual impairment and blindness in students attending schools for the blind and to identify those whose vision could be improved by optical aids. On dispensing such aids, the study also aimed to analyze the improvement in their vision function.
This was a prospective interventional study of 428 certified students from four special schools for blind. All the students underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination by a team of four ophthalmologists and four optometrists. The World Health Organization-Prevention of Blindness forms were used to record history and examination details. Spectacles and low-vision aids (LVAs) were dispensed to those whose vision could be improved. The main outcome measure was L V Prasad- Functional Vision Questionnaire (LVP-VFQ), which was used to compare the vision function before and 6 months after the intervention.
Two hundred and thirteen (49.5%) students were girls. The causes of blindness in 370 children (<18 years) with vision <6/60 were whole globe involvement in 117 (31.6%) students (this included anophthalmos 47 [12.7%], microphthalmos 61 [16.4%], both 9 [2.4%]), nystagmus 29 (7.8%), optic atrophy 22 (5.9%), retinal causes 42 (11.3%), cataract 18 (4.9%), phthisis bulbi 24 (6.4%), corneal scarring in 40 (10.8%), and retinopathy of prematurity in 4 (1.1%). Fifty-four (12.6%) students were given spectacles and 41 (9.57%) LVA. There was a statistically significant difference in all questions ( < 0.01) of LVP-VFQ for the students dispensed with optical aids 6 months after the intervention. Twenty-four students had their vision improved to 6/60 or better, whereas 26 could now identify letters and print.
A significant proportion of students in schools for the blind can be helped to improving vision function using optical aids. Students in schools for the blind, nay all visually impaired individuals, need periodic ocular examination and ophthalmic care.
儿童失明和视力障碍造成了巨大的失明负担。本研究旨在分析就读于盲人学校的学生严重视力障碍和失明的原因，并确定那些视力可通过光学辅助器具得到改善的学生。在发放此类辅助器具时，本研究还旨在分析其视觉功能的改善情况。
这是一项对来自四所盲人特殊学校的428名注册学生进行的前瞻性干预研究。所有学生均由四名眼科医生和四名验光师组成的团队进行了全面的眼科检查。使用世界卫生组织预防失明表格记录病史和检查细节。为那些视力可得到改善的学生发放眼镜和低视力辅助器具（LVA）。主要结局指标是L V普拉萨德功能性视力问卷（LVP-VFQ），用于比较干预前和干预后6个月的视觉功能。
213名（49.5%）学生为女生。370名视力<6/60的18岁以下儿童失明的原因包括：117名（31.6%）学生全眼球受累（其中包括无眼球47名[12.7%]、小眼球61名[16.4%]、两者均有9名[2.4%]）、眼球震颤29名（7.8%）、视神经萎缩22名（5.9%）、视网膜病因42名（11.3%）、白内障18名（4.9%）、眼球痨24名（6.4%）、角膜瘢痕40名（10.8%）、早产儿视网膜病变4名（1.1%）。54名（12.6%）学生获得了眼镜，41名（9.57%）学生获得了LVA。干预后6个月，接受光学辅助器具的学生在LVP-VFQ的所有问题上（<0.01）均有统计学显著差异。24名学生的视力提高到了6/60或更好，而26名学生现在能够识别字母和印刷文字。
使用光学辅助器具可帮助很大一部分盲人学校的学生改善视觉功能。盲人学校的学生乃至所有视力受损者都需要定期进行眼部检查和眼科护理。
