Ayogu Rufina N B, Eme Paul E, Anyaegbu Vivien C, Ene-Obong Henrietta N, Amazigo Uche V
1Department of Home Science, Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
2Department of Biochemistry (Human Nutrition and Dietetics Unit), University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
BMC Nutr. 2018 Feb 21;4:9. doi: 10.1186/s40795-018-0216-0. eCollection 2018.
Nutritional deficiencies among school children may hinge on inadequate nutrient intake. School meals should improve nutrient intakes by providing a third of recommended daily energy and nutrient intakes (RNI). The study aimed at evaluating school meals served in three rural schools to determine if they met one third of the RNI of the children. This will enhance meal planning.
Food samples (20 g) that constituted the school meals were collected for five consecutive days from three schools where school lunch programme was implemented. These were put in labelled small air tight plastic containers and stored in deep freezers in the Department of Home Science, Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. The samples were analysed chemically using standard methods. Portion sizes of foods were obtained and the contributions made by these meals to the children's RNI were calculated. Results were presented in percentages and means ± standard deviations.
The results showed that energy value of the meals ranged from 32.27 - 243.4 Kcal/100 g. The school meals contained carbohydrate (0.7 - 48.4 g), protein (0.69 - 12.6 g), vitamin C (0.7 - 8.22 mg), vitamin A (3.0 - 255.5 RE), iron (0.05 - 1.7 mg), calcium (3.0 -120 mg) and zinc (0.14 - 3.0 mg) per 100 g of food consumed. They contributed 16.4 - 25.5% energy, 53.4 - 116.9% protein, 66.0 - 159.5% vitamin A, 37.3 - 45.7% vitamin C, 13.2 - 28.5% calcium, 5.9 - 20.6% iron and 35.1 - 92.9% zinc to the children's daily requirements.
The school meals provided over one third of the RNI for protein, vitamins A and C, and zinc but did not meet a third of the RNI for energy, calcium and iron.
学童中的营养缺乏可能取决于营养摄入不足。学校膳食应通过提供每日推荐能量和营养素摄入量（RNI）的三分之一来改善营养摄入。本研究旨在评估三所农村学校提供的学校膳食，以确定它们是否满足儿童RNI的三分之一。这将有助于改进膳食计划。
从实施学校午餐计划的三所学校连续五天收集构成学校膳食的食物样本（20克）。将这些样本放入贴有标签的小型密封塑料容器中，并储存在尼日利亚大学Nsukka分校家政学、营养与饮食学系的深冻柜中。使用标准方法对样本进行化学分析。获取食物的份量，并计算这些膳食对儿童RNI的贡献。结果以百分比和均值±标准差表示。
结果表明，膳食的能量值范围为32.27 - 243.4千卡/100克。每100克食用的食物中，学校膳食含有碳水化合物（0.7 - 48.4克）、蛋白质（0.69 - 12.6克）、维生素C（0.7 - 8.22毫克）、维生素A（3.0 - 255.5视黄醇当量）、铁（0.05 - 1.7毫克）、钙（3.0 - 120毫克）和锌（0.14 - 3.0毫克）。它们对儿童每日需求的能量贡献为16.4 - 25.5%，蛋白质为53.4 - 116.9%，维生素A为66.0 - 159.5%，维生素C为37.3 - 45.7%，钙为13.2 - 28.5%，铁为5.9 - 20.6%，锌为35.1 - 92.9%。
学校膳食提供了超过RNI三分之一的蛋白质、维生素A和C以及锌，但未达到能量、钙和铁RNI的三分之一。
