Rees G A, Richards C J, Gregory J
School of Biological Sciences, The University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, UK.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2008 Oct;21(5):420-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2008.00885.x. Epub 2008 Jul 9.
New school meal standards are currently being phased in by the government in an attempt to improve the nutritional composition of school food. However, no standards are applied to packed lunches. The present study aimed to compare the food and nutrient intakes of primary school children eating a school meal with those taking a packed lunch.
A sample of 120 children, aged 6-11 years, was observed once at a lunch time and all items consumed were recorded. Nutrient analysis was performed, and differences in nutrient intake between those children consuming packed lunches and school meals were determined.
Mean energy and protein intakes were similar. The amount of energy provided by starchy carbohydrate was also similar but, compared with school meals, packed lunches provided twice as much energy from sugar (P < 0.001). School meals on average provided more energy from fat (P < 0.001), but intakes of saturated fat were lower in the school meals group (P = 0.021). Packed lunches provided more sodium (P < 0.001), calcium (P < 0.001) and iron (P = 0.016) than the school meals. Very few packed lunches contained vegetables, and fruit intake was particularly low for those having a school meal.
Children taking a packed lunch to school were consuming approximately double the amount of sugar and 50% more sodium and saturated fat in their midday meal compared with those having a school lunch. However packed lunches were providing children with more calcium, iron and fruit.
政府目前正在逐步推行新的学校膳食标准，以改善学校食物的营养成分。然而，这些标准并未适用于盒装午餐。本研究旨在比较吃学校膳食的小学生与吃盒装午餐的小学生的食物和营养摄入量。
选取120名6至11岁的儿童作为样本，在午餐时间观察一次，并记录他们所食用的所有食物。进行了营养分析，确定了吃盒装午餐的儿童和吃学校膳食的儿童在营养摄入量上的差异。
平均能量和蛋白质摄入量相似。淀粉类碳水化合物提供的能量数量也相似，但与学校膳食相比，盒装午餐中糖提供的能量是其两倍（P < 0.001）。学校膳食平均提供的脂肪能量更多（P < 0.001），但学校膳食组的饱和脂肪摄入量较低（P = 0.021）。盒装午餐比学校膳食提供更多的钠（P < 0.001）、钙（P < 0.001）和铁（P = 0.016）。很少有盒装午餐包含蔬菜，吃学校膳食的儿童水果摄入量尤其低。
与吃学校午餐的儿童相比，带盒装午餐上学的儿童午餐中糖的摄入量约为其两倍，钠和饱和脂肪摄入量多50%。然而，盒装午餐为儿童提供了更多的钙、铁和水果。
