全脂牛奶与脱脂牛奶及苹果汁早餐对肥胖儿童食欲和能量摄入的影响：一项三向随机交叉临床试验。

The effects of whole milk compared to skim milk and apple juice consumption in breakfast on appetite and energy intake in obese children: a three-way randomized crossover clinical trial.

作者信息

Kavezade Shima, Mozaffari-Khosravi Hassan, Aflatoonian Majid, Asemi Mehdi, Mehrabani Sanaz, Salehi-Abargouei Amin

机构信息

1Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.

2Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, PO Code 8915173160 Iran.

出版信息

BMC Nutr. 2018 Dec 10;4:44. doi: 10.1186/s40795-018-0253-8. eCollection 2018.

DOI:10.1186/s40795-018-0253-8

PMID:32153905

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7050899/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

A limited number of studies have examined the effect of dairy on satiety and short-term energy intake among children; furthermore we are not aware of any study comparing high and low-fat dairy products regarding their effect on appetite and short-term energy intake. Our objective was to assess the effect skim milk (SM) compared to whole milk (WM) and apple juice (AJ) on satiety and energy intake at lunch among 10-12 y children with obesity.

METHODS

Fifty children with obesity who aged 10-12 y were randomized to consume a fixed content breakfast with 240 ml of SM, AJ, or WM for two consecutive days. The study was a three-way randomized crossover study; therefore each participant served as his/her own control. The total appetite, hunger, fullness, desire to eat and prospective consumption were measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS) before breakfast and every one hour after breakfast until a freely consumed lunch. VAS scores and energy intakes were compared using repeated measures procedure.

RESULTS

Forty-eight participants (24 girls and 24 boys) completed the study. The energy intake was not different between SM, AJ and WM periods (adjusted mean ± standard error (SE) of energy intake: SM = 831.27 ± 30.64 Kcal, AJ = 794.92 ± 28.72 Kcal, WM = 798.87 ± 24.09 Kcal; = 0.56). The effect was the same for either gender. Children reported higher satiety score 4 h after drinking WM with breakfast compared with SM ( < 0.05). The same association was found only in girls. Furthermore, SM significantly reduced appetite compared to AJ, 2 h after preloads in girls ( < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Full-fat milk may have favorable effects on satiety but not energy intake in subsequent meal compared to skim milk among the children with obesity. Future studies with longer follow-up periods are needed to confirm these results.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

The study protocol was registered with the Iranian registry of clinical trials on 9th October 2016 (registration ID: IRCT2016072012571N5).

摘要

背景

仅有少数研究探讨了乳制品对儿童饱腹感及短期能量摄入的影响；此外，我们尚未发现有任何研究比较过高脂肪和低脂肪乳制品对食欲及短期能量摄入的影响。我们的目标是评估脱脂牛奶（SM）与全脂牛奶（WM）及苹果汁（AJ）相比，对10至12岁肥胖儿童午餐时饱腹感和能量摄入的影响。

方法

50名年龄在10至12岁的肥胖儿童被随机分配，连续两天食用含有240毫升SM、AJ或WM的固定早餐。该研究为三向随机交叉研究；因此，每位参与者都作为自己的对照。在早餐前以及早餐后每小时直至自由进食午餐期间，使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）测量总体食欲、饥饿感、饱腹感、进食欲望和预期摄入量。使用重复测量程序比较VAS评分和能量摄入量。

结果

48名参与者（24名女孩和24名男孩）完成了研究。SM、AJ和WM期间的能量摄入没有差异（能量摄入的调整均值±标准误差（SE）：SM = 831.27±30.64千卡，AJ = 794.92±28.72千卡，WM = 798.87±24.09千卡；P = 0.56）。对两种性别而言，效果相同。与饮用SM相比，儿童在早餐时饮用WM后4小时报告的饱腹感得分更高（P < 0.05）。仅在女孩中发现了相同的关联。此外，与AJ相比，女孩在预负荷后2小时，SM显著降低了食欲（P < 0.05）。