Compartment syndrome of the hand as a complication of prolonged mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

A 45-year-old man suffered compartment syndrome of the hands as a complication of prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation. He was admitted following a hypothermic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to cold-water submersion. The patient was in cardiac arrest for 4 h with mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation delivered using the Lund University Cardiac Arrest System (Jolife AB, Lund, Sweden). Cardiopulmonary resuscitation along with aggressive rewarming achieved return of spontaneous circulation. He developed compartment syndrome in his left hand which was likely exacerbated by having his arm strapped to the Lund University Cardiac Arrest System device throughout the resuscitation. The compartment syndrome was managed conservatively. Despite preservation of neurological function the patient died of complications from the cardiac arrest after an extended intensive care unit stay. We recommend healthcare providers unstrap patient's hands during prolonged mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation.