Department of Wildlife, Humboldt State University, Arcata, California, USA.
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA.
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2020 May;20(5):325-333. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2019.2483. Epub 2020 Mar 9.
The lato (s.l.) complexes of and include pathogenic genospecies each with distinct ecologies in northern California, yet, most work conflates the genospecies of each pathogen into one lato species. Detailed understanding of the differences in geographic distributions and ecology among genospecies is lacking. We aimed to evaluate whether two and two genospecies in high-risk locations in coastal northern California were spatially clustered and if presence of a particular genospecies was associated with geographical site, host species, or other demographic or ecological variables. DNA sequencing was performed to differentiate genospecies of Borreliae and Anaplasma from PCR-positive dusky-footed woodrats () and sciurids (chipmunks, spp., and Douglas squirrels, ) at four sites in northwestern California. Logistic regression was performed to assess associations of genospecies with the predictor variables host species, host sex, site, season, and year. Spatial clustering was assessed using a Poisson spatial scan statistic in SaTScan. Host species was a significant predictor for , stricto (s.s.), s.s., and the DU1 genospecies. Woodrats were significantly more likely to be PCR-positive for and DU1 genospecies, while s.s. and s.s. were significantly associated with sciurids. We report a single in an Allen's chipmunk () from the Hoopa Valley Tribal Reservation. A significant spatial cluster of s.s. was detected at Hendy Woods State Park in Mendocino County. These results highlight the need to better understand genospecies partitioning according to host species to further assess human risks, aid in future surveillance, and inform targeted research.
和的 lato（s.l.）复合物包括具有不同生态的致病性种，这些种在加利福尼亚州北部都有发现，但大多数研究将每种病原体的种混合到一个 lato 物种中。缺乏对种间地理分布和生态差异的详细了解。我们旨在评估加利福尼亚州北部沿海高风险地区的两种 和两种 是否存在空间聚类，以及特定种的存在是否与地理位置、宿主物种或其他人口统计学或生态变量相关。对来自加利福尼亚州西北部四个地点的 PCR 阳性暗足木鼠（）和松鼠科（花栗鼠属、 种和道格拉斯松鼠）的 DNA 进行测序，以区分伯氏疏螺旋体和无形体的种。使用逻辑回归评估种与宿主物种、宿主性别、地点、季节和年份等预测变量的关联。使用 SaTScan 中的泊松空间扫描统计评估种间的空间聚类。宿主物种是 、 stricto（s.s.）、 s.s.和 DU1 种的重要预测因子。木鼠更有可能对 和 DU1 种呈 PCR 阳性，而 s.s.和 s.s.与松鼠科密切相关。我们在霍帕谷部落保留地的艾伦花栗鼠（）中报告了一个单一的 。亨迪伍兹州立公园在门多西诺县检测到显著的 s.s.空间聚类。这些结果强调需要更好地了解根据宿主物种划分的种间分区，以进一步评估人类风险，辅助未来的监测，并为有针对性的研究提供信息。
