The Phylogenetic Relatedness of Harboring Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Uropathogenic and in the North of Iran.

BACKGROUND

and as an important part of family are important causes of both community- and hospital-acquired infections. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of antibiotics resistance and molecular characteristics of uropathogenic isolates of and in Iranian patients.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study performed on 223 and 68 isolates obtained from hospitalized patients in the north of Iran. The isolates were identified by standard microbiologic tests and confirmed by API 20E strip. Disk diffusion method was applied to determine antibiotic susceptibility pattern. The presence of β-lactamases encoding genes was evaluated by PCR method. Analysis of the mutations and homology among sequences was done by the CLC sequence viewer (Qiagen, Denmark), and phylogenetic trees were constructed by the neighbor-joining method (Bootstrap: 1000 times).

RESULTS

The overall rates of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing and isolates were 37.7% and 32.4%, respectively. The overall presence of , , and genes was detected in 16 (5.5%), 12 (4.1%), and 48 (16.4%) of isolates, respectively. The neighbor-joining analysis for KU985246.1 strain showed that the most related sequences were from China, Singapore, UK, Thailand, and Bangladesh. While KU985245.1 strains were mostly related to sequences form Myanmar, and China.

CONCLUSION

In summary, the remarkable rate of ESBL-producing uropathogenic along with the first prevalence of NDM-1 β-lactamases can be a serious concern in our region.