Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom; email:
Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2020 Apr 29;71:487-515. doi: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-081519-040003. Epub 2020 Mar 11.
Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the stamens to the stigma, an essential requirement of sexual reproduction in flowering plants. Cross-pollination increases genetic diversity and is favored by selection in the majority of situations. Flowering plants have evolved a wide variety of traits that influence pollination success, including those involved in optimization of self-pollination, attraction of animal pollinators, and the effective use of wind pollination. In this review we discuss our current understanding of the molecular basis of the development and production of these various traits. We conclude that recent integration of molecular developmental studies with population genetic approaches is improving our understanding of how selection acts on key floral traits in taxonomically diverse species, and that further work in nonmodel systems promises to provide exciting insights in the years to come.
授粉是花粉粒从雄蕊转移到雌蕊的过程，是有花植物有性繁殖的必要条件。异花授粉增加了遗传多样性，在大多数情况下都受到选择的青睐。开花植物进化出了各种各样的特征，这些特征影响着授粉的成功，包括那些与优化自花授粉、吸引动物传粉者以及有效利用风授粉相关的特征。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了我们目前对这些不同特征的发育和产生的分子基础的理解。我们的结论是，最近将分子发育研究与群体遗传方法相结合，提高了我们对选择如何作用于分类学上多样化的物种的关键花部特征的理解，并且在非模式系统中的进一步研究有望在未来几年提供令人兴奋的见解。
