CISA-Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Angola, Caxito, Angola.
EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
PLoS One. 2020 Mar 11;15(3):e0229247. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229247. eCollection 2020.
Preventive chemotherapy campaigns with praziquantel and albendazole are being implemented in Angola, as a high priority public health intervention. However, there are no published data regarding adverse events associated with these medications. In this context, we analysed adverse events due to co-administration of praziquantel and albendazole in endemic areas of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths in Bengo, Angola. In the context of a targeted drug administration, between December 2012 and September 2013, we conducted two surveys after co-administrating single oral doses of praziquantel and albendazole tablets to children 2 to 15 years of age. About 24 hours after each treatment, participants answered a questionnaire about adverse events. At baseline, 605 children (55.0% male; mean age: 9.7 years) were treated; 460 were interviewed and 257 (55.9%) reported at least one adverse event, 62.3% (160/257) of children being infected with schistosoma haematobium. After six months of treatment, among 339 children surveyed, 184 (54.3%) reported adverse events, with 49.5% (91/184) of infected children. Adverse events were most common in preschool-aged children, with no significant difference between genders. The most frequent adverse events in the two surveys were abdominal pain (18.5%, 25.7%), headache (20.9%, 23.0%) and dizziness (15.7%, 19.8%). Children aged 12 to 15 years (adjusted OR = 0.40, p = 0.040) and those with mixed infection (adjusted OR = 0.04, p = 0.011) had lower odds of adverse events. After the second treatment, those with heavy infection (adjusted OR = 2.72, p = 0.018) and aged 9-11 years (adjusted OR = 2.01, p = 0.049) had significantly fewer adverse events. About 2.0% of children experienced severe adverse events. This study adds evidence that preventive chemotherapy for schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths control is safe, but cases of adverse events are expected. Standardized methodologies to discriminate drug-related adverse events from the clinical manifestations of the infections are needed.
在安哥拉，以吡喹酮和阿苯达唑为基础的预防性化疗运动被作为一项高度优先的公共卫生干预措施来实施。然而，目前尚无关于这些药物相关不良事件的已发表数据。在此背景下，我们分析了在安哥拉本笃会省血吸虫病和土壤传播性蠕虫流行地区联合使用吡喹酮和阿苯达唑时出现的不良事件。在有针对性的药物管理中，2012 年 12 月至 2013 年 9 月期间，我们对 2 至 15 岁儿童单次口服吡喹酮和阿苯达唑片后进行了两次调查。每次治疗后约 24 小时，参与者回答了一份关于不良事件的问卷。在基线时，605 名儿童（55.0%为男性；平均年龄：9.7 岁）接受了治疗；460 名儿童接受了访谈，257 名（55.9%）报告了至少一种不良事件，62.3%（160/257）的儿童感染了埃及血吸虫。在治疗 6 个月后，在所调查的 339 名儿童中，184 名（54.3%）报告了不良事件，其中感染儿童占 49.5%（91/184）。不良事件在学龄前儿童中最为常见，男女之间无显著差异。在两次调查中，最常见的不良事件是腹痛（18.5%，25.7%）、头痛（20.9%，23.0%）和头晕（15.7%，19.8%）。12 至 15 岁儿童（调整后的比值比=0.40，p=0.040）和混合感染儿童（调整后的比值比=0.04，p=0.011）发生不良事件的可能性较低。第二次治疗后，重度感染（调整后的比值比=2.72，p=0.018）和 9-11 岁儿童（调整后的比值比=2.01，p=0.049）发生不良事件的可能性明显降低。约 2.0%的儿童出现严重不良事件。本研究进一步证实，血吸虫病和土壤传播性蠕虫控制的预防性化疗是安全的，但预计会出现不良事件。需要标准化的方法来区分与药物相关的不良事件与感染的临床表现。
