Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Madrid, Spain.
University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UNEx. ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cáceres, Spain.
Sleep. 2020 Sep 14;43(9). doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa039.
Sleep disorders are frequent in patients diagnosed with essential tremor (ET). The present review focuses on sleep disorders and the results of polysomnographic studies performed in patients with ET. For this purpose we performed a systematic review crossing the search term "essential tremor" with "sleep," "sleep disorders," "sleep disturbances" and "polysomnography," and with specific sleep disorders, according to the International Classification of the Sleep Disorders-Third Edition, using the PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Web of Science Databases. The most frequent sleep problems reported by patients with ET were the bad quality of sleep and excessive daytime somnolence (the latter could be related to drugs commonly used for the treatment of ET). Probable rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, coexistent restless legs syndrome, insomnia, and nocturia were not infrequent complaints, while the presence of other sleep disorders in patients with ET was restricted to anecdotal reports or not described. Meta-analyses of previous reports showed that patients with ET (according to the PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines) showed higher scores in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale than controls and lower scores than those of patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. Studies using polysomnography in patients with ET are scarce and do not permit to establish valid conclusions regarding polysomnographic features in this disorder.
诊断为特发性震颤（ET）的患者常伴有睡眠障碍。本综述重点关注 ET 患者的睡眠障碍及多导睡眠图研究结果。为此，我们按照国际睡眠障碍分类-第三版，使用 PubMed、EMBASE、MEDLINE 和 Web of Science 数据库，通过“essential tremor”与“sleep”“sleep disorders”“sleep disturbances”“polysomnography”，以及特定睡眠障碍的检索词，进行了系统性回顾，检索了特发性震颤与睡眠相关的文献。特发性震颤患者报告的最常见睡眠问题是睡眠质量差和白天过度嗜睡（后者可能与治疗特发性震颤的常用药物有关）。可能的快动眼睡眠行为障碍、并存的不安腿综合征、失眠和夜尿症并不少见，而特发性震颤患者存在其他睡眠障碍的情况仅限于偶发报告或未予描述。先前报告的荟萃分析表明，根据 PRISMA 和 MOOSE 指南，特发性震颤患者（ET）在匹兹堡睡眠质量指数和嗜睡量表上的评分高于对照组，而低于帕金森病患者。关于特发性震颤患者多导睡眠图的研究很少，无法就该疾病的多导睡眠图特征得出有效结论。
