Samková Alena, Hadrava Jiří, Skuhrovec Jiří, Janšta Petr
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 00 Prague 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
Insects. 2020 Mar 10;11(3):175. doi: 10.3390/insects11030175.
The parasitic wasp (Förster, 1841) (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) is an important egg parasitoid of cereal leaf beetles. Some species of cereal leaf beetle co-occur in the same localities, but the host specificity of the wasp to these crop pests has not yet been examined in detail. A lack of knowledge of host specificity can have a negative effect on the use of this wasps in biological control programs addressed to specific pest species or genus. In this study, laboratory experiments were conducted to assess the host specificity of for three species of cereal leaf beetles ( Redtenbacher, 1874, Heyden, 1879 and Linnaeus, 1758) in central Europe. For the first time, a new host defence against egg parasitoids occurring in from localities in the Czech Republic, a strong dark sticky layer on the egg surface, was found and described. The host specificity of was studied in the locality with the presence of this defence on eggs (the dark sticky layer) (Czech Republic) and in a control locality (Germany), where no such host defence was observed. Contrary to the idea that a host defence mechanism can change the host specificity of parasitoids, the wasps from these two localities did not display any differences in that. Respectively, even though it has been observed that eggs with sticky dark layer can prevent parasitization, the overall rate of parasitization of the three species of cereal beetles has not been affected. However, in our view, new host defence can influence the effects of biological control, as eggs of all spp. in the locality are protected against parasitization from the wasps stuck on the sticky layer of the host eggs of .
这种寄生蜂（Förster，1841年）（膜翅目：缨小蜂科）是谷物叶甲虫的一种重要卵寄生蜂。一些谷物叶甲虫物种在同一地区共存，但这种寄生蜂对这些作物害虫的寄主专一性尚未得到详细研究。对寄主专一性缺乏了解可能会对将这种寄生蜂用于针对特定害虫物种或属的生物防治计划产生负面影响。在本研究中，进行了实验室实验，以评估中欧地区的这种寄生蜂对三种谷物叶甲虫（Redtenbacher，1874年；Heyden，1879年；Linnaeus，1758年）的寄主专一性。首次发现并描述了来自捷克共和国当地的谷物叶甲虫针对卵寄生蜂的一种新的寄主防御机制，即卵表面有一层强烈的深色粘性层。在存在这种针对谷物叶甲虫卵的防御机制（深色粘性层）的地区（捷克共和国）和一个未观察到这种寄主防御机制的对照地区（德国），对这种寄生蜂的寄主专一性进行了研究。与寄主防御机制会改变寄生蜂寄主专一性的观点相反，来自这两个地区的寄生蜂在这方面没有表现出任何差异。尽管已经观察到带有粘性深色层的卵可以防止寄生，但这三种谷物叶甲虫的总体寄生率并未受到影响。然而，在我们看来，新的寄主防御机制可能会影响生物防治的效果，因为该地区所有谷物叶甲虫物种的卵都受到保护，免受粘在寄主卵粘性层上的寄生蜂的寄生。
