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无机纳米粒子的逐壳官能化。

Shell-by-Shell Functionalization of Inorganic Nanoparticles.

机构信息

Department of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.

出版信息

Chemistry. 2020 Jul 14;26(39):8483-8498. doi: 10.1002/chem.202000195. Epub 2020 May 14.

DOI:10.1002/chem.202000195
PMID:32167598
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7687223/
Abstract

The current state of the hierarchical chemical functionalization of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) by shell-by-shell (SbS)-assembly of organic layers around the NP cores is summarized. This supramolecular functionalization concept is based on two steps: 1) the covalent grafting of a first ligand-shell consisting of, for example, long chain phosphonic acids and 2) the noncovalent interdigitation of amphiphiles forming the second ligand shell. The latter process is guaranteed predominantly by solvophobic interactions. These highly order organic-inorganic hybrid architectures are currently an emerging field at the interface of synthetic chemistry, nanotechnology, and materials science. The doubly functionalized NPs display tunable materials properties, such a controlled dispersibility and stability in various solvents, highly efficient trapping of guest molecules in between the ligand shells (water cleaning) as well as compartmentalization and modification of electronic interactions between photoactive components integrated in such complex nano-architectures. Such SbS-functionalized NPs have a high potential as water-cleaning materials and also some first prototype applications as biomedicinal therapeutics have been presented.

摘要

总结了通过在纳米颗粒（NP）核周围的层层（SbS）组装有机层对无机纳米颗粒进行化学功能化的当前状态。这种超分子功能化概念基于两个步骤：1）通过例如长链膦酸的第一配体壳的共价接枝，和 2）形成第二配体壳的两亲物的非共价交织。后一个过程主要由溶剂斥力相互作用保证。这些高度有序的有机-无机杂化结构是合成化学、纳米技术和材料科学界面上的一个新兴领域。双重功能化的 NPs 显示出可调的材料性能，例如在各种溶剂中的可控分散性和稳定性、在配体壳之间高效捕获客体分子（水清洁）以及在集成在这种复杂纳米结构中的光活性组分之间的电子相互作用的分隔和修饰。这种 SbS 功能化的 NPs 作为水清洁材料具有很高的潜力，并且已经提出了一些作为生物医学治疗剂的原型应用。

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