Lu Dan, Bauza F, Soriano-Paños D, Gómez-Gardeñes J, Floría L M
Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.
Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
Phys Rev E. 2020 Feb;101(2-1):022306. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.101.022306.
We analyze the onset of social-norm-violating behaviors when social punishment is present. To this aim, a compartmental model is introduced to illustrate the flows among the three possible states: honest, corrupt, and ostracism. With this simple model we attempt to capture some essential ingredients such as the contagion of corrupt behaviors to honest agents, the delation of corrupt individuals by honest ones, and the warning to wrongdoers (fear like that triggers the conversion of corrupt people into honesty). In nonequilibrium statistical physics terms, the former dynamics can be viewed as a non-Hamiltonian kinetic spin-1 Ising model. After developing in full detail its mean-field theory and comparing its predictions with simulations made on regular networks, we derive the conditions for the emergence of corrupt behaviors and, more importantly, illustrate the key role of the warning-to-wrongdoers mechanism in the latter.
我们分析了存在社会惩罚时违反社会规范行为的发生情况。为此，引入了一个分区模型来说明三种可能状态之间的流动：诚实、腐败和被排斥。通过这个简单的模型，我们试图捕捉一些基本要素，比如腐败行为向诚实个体的蔓延、诚实个体对腐败个体的揭发，以及对违法者的警告（类似恐惧的情绪会促使腐败者转变为诚实者）。用非平衡统计物理学的术语来说，前一种动态可以被视为一个非哈密顿动力学自旋-1伊辛模型。在详细阐述其平均场理论并将其预测结果与在规则网络上进行的模拟结果进行比较之后，我们得出了腐败行为出现的条件，更重要的是，阐明了对违法者的警告机制在其中的关键作用。
